The Greatest Prime Minister in Canadian History for Promoting Ethnic Essay

The Greatest Prime Minister in Canadian History for Promoting Ethnic Diversity and Communities was Pierre Elliott Trudeau - Essay Example Revelations and strategies which were fixated on making a different network were then made under his ward (Wood, Gilbert, 2005). The constant plan of Trudeau and the manner by which he advanced multiculturalism is one which keeps on being utilized today with activities through the approaches and political activities which were first actualized by Trudeau. The idea of multiculturalism was pushed by Trudeau due to the changing atmosphere and condition in Canada and the world. Trudeau came into power after World War II and through different world upheavals dependent on social assorted variety and ethnic equity. Canada was additionally encountering a lot of outsider weights from different areas, explicitly which started as a counterbalance from World War II. The social weights of this time depended on the longing to offer minorities a similar potential as others in the public arena while incorporating opportunity. Trudeau followed these social weights and marks of disgrace with his own vision of making an ethnically various arrangement of networks through strategies and methodology expected in the public arena (Driedger, 2001). When Trudeau came into power in 1968, his fundamental plan was to advance the idea of ethnic assorted variety. From the seventeenth century, Canada had a huge deluge of movement that came into the nation. Prior to this time, there were likewise assorted variety advancements as far as both Aboriginal land and the individuals who had discovered the contemporary country of Canada. As this developed and kept on separating, ethnic networks started to be progressively obvious inside the Canadian regions, explicitly on account of physical and racial contrasts. The biggest inundation came during the World Wars, in light of those from Europe that started to relocate to America from the war. Asian people group additionally started to set up during this time. As the racial contrasts were noted, it was additionally expected that a

In James Joyce's The Dead discuss the themes of loss and involuntary Research Paper

In James Joyce's The Dead talk about the topics of misfortune and automatic memory according to Freud's Mourning and Melancholia - Research Paper Example The snapshot of revelation at Gretta’s disclosure seriously affects Gabriel’s brain and he, in a condition of grieving, loses enthusiasm for his life and builds up a believing a negligence for his own â€Å"self†. The legend of the story â€Å"The Dead† obviously is by all accounts a superstar at his aunts’ party. He has been given the respect of conveying after-supper discourse. Be that as it may, when we see this man in the organization of individuals we find that this man needs self-assurance and isn't sure what sway his discourse would make on the individuals. Maybe he knows about the emptiness of his words. The air pocket of his fearlessness blasts when he comes to realize that his better half contrasts him and her past darling who is dead. Gabriel felt embarrassed that he was being contrasted and a dead individual and in this examination the dead individual was respected better than him. The cognizance about his minute independent him melancho lic and â€Å"he considered himself to be a silly figure, going about as a penny-kid for his aunties, an apprehensive, good natured sentimentalist, speaking to vulgarians and glorifying his own clownish desires, the pitiable silly individual he had gotten a brief look at in the mirror† (Joyce 150). This sentiment of bafflement and misfortune experienced by Gabriel isn't the declaration of individual rather it will be a funeral poem of a nation or a country. Joyce himself was composing his assortment Dubliners in a more extensive setting. Clarifying his authorial plan for composing Dubliners, he states, â€Å"My expectation was to compose a part of the ethical history of my nation and I picked Dublin for the scene since that city appeared to me the focal point of paralysis† ( qtd. in Friedrich 421). The story â€Å" The sisters† went about as the preamble of this elegiac epic while â€Å" The dead† was its unavoidable â€Å"coda†(421). Gabriel is by all accounts a mouthpiece of Joyce and Noon follows some self-portraying ramifications of Joyce’s character in the character of Gabriel and finds that it is hard for the peruser to â€Å" separate the ‘moral history’ of the city from the self-picture of the artist†(254). Gabriel here is grieving the loss of the city (Dublin) which is the focal point of loss of motion and like his essayist shows outrage and distress towards Ireland (Noon 255). Gabriel is reminded by Miss Ivors that he has lost his connection with Irish character and he has become a â€Å" West Briton†. She proposes that he should feel embarrassed about himself for that. He additionally prefers to spend travels in Europe rather than Ireland. His discussion about Ireland affronts patriot in Miss Ivor and she leaves of gathering right off the bat in an irate mind-set. Gabriel in his discourse Gabriel’s steady hotel to his past through his memory is really the reason for his enth usiastic doubt and his masochist pessimism with his current circumstance. We attempt to recall our past through an endeavor to get to our sub-cognizant memory. This we do intentionally. Yet, now and then our oblivious attacks our cognizance through repeating episodes of automatic memory. Joyce’s procedure of â€Å" stream of consciousness† works in this worldview of deliberate and automatic memory. Gabriel’s feeling of misfortune is reinforced by these unexpected penetrations of automatic memory which make him contrast his present and his past. This examination eventually drives him to a circumstance where he builds up a sentiment of dissatisfaction with his present. This expressive procedure is the sign of James Joyce through which his characters come to recall their past. This movement

Parents, Please Read

Parents, Please Read I have finally made it home for the holidays. Let me tell you, theres nothing quite like being at home, even if it is just for two weeks, and even if its so snowy that nobody can leave/come to my house for anything. Home is still wonderful. Being home is a great time for deep, philosophical talks with parents that simply arent possible over the phone. The reason I write for the admissions blogs is because I really like the admissions process, I like helping admitted students learn about MIT before they get here, and I like sharing with everybody the types of things I do here. My dad follows the blogs very closely as well and the two of us often discuss the current admissions gossip. The one thing hell do that I normally wont is explore the bowels of College Confidential (if I had my way, College Confidential would be wiped off the face of the planet), but that just makes him all the more interesting when we discuss admissions. The two of us were sitting down at Rockin Rogers enjoying breakfast and chatting when the topic turned away from normal father-son stuff and drifted towards MIT. We touched on admissions (Hows Matt? Matts fine. Do you ever see such and such? No not really. I really like Yans writing, she uses a lot of adjectives . . . etc etc) and got more onto the topic of current student life, mainly my grades. Grades are especially relevant right now because all of this years freshmen just got their first set of them. Up until now, MIT has been a fun, relatively informal, unofficial learning environment, but the instant grades get written down it becomes serious. I spend a lot of time at MIT very stressed, this semester especially. Fortunately for me, none of that stress comes from my parents. All of my stress is self-imposed, its me telling myself to do well, telling myself to study, and telling myself to not give up. My parents act as wonderful outlets for frustration, concern, complaining, and any other angsty 20-year-old emotion I can throw at them. Through all of it they are supportive and tell me to keep doing what I can. They constantly remind me that Im at the hardest school in the country, the fact that Im even there is astounding, the fact that Im passing classes is ridiculous, and the prospect of As is almost heart-attack-inducing. I dont think its because they have low standards, that passing is acceptable now, I think its because they are extremely realistic and understand the grand scheme of things. They understand that passing a class at MIT with a C doesnt mean youre below average or struggling, it means that MIT has deemed yo u competent enough to proceed and learn more material. It means you passed. What Ive noticed, both from the comments in the admissions blogs and from talking to friends at school, is that many many many parents dont take this approach. Many parents put a lot of additional pressure on their children to succeed and to get As. While its wonderful to want your child to succeed and to encourage them to do well, threatening them and adding unnecessary stress to an already super-stressed MIT student does more harm than good. This is the first year Ive gotten to watch freshmen do MIT and Ive learned a lot about parents just by watching their children. 1) Parents are CONVINCED that unless they call you every day to remind you, you will forget to eat and subsequently die of malnutrition. 2) Parents are scared to death that you are wasting their money. Lets talk about number 2 for a little bit, because thats what really motivated this entry. Ultimately, when it comes straight down to it, parents are the ones who decide whether you attend MIT or not. They pay the bill. End of story. Dont kid yourself or come up with excuses, you dont have $50,000 a year to pay for tuition. As such, parents want to see that they are getting their moneys worth, which is why parents FREAK OUT (caps totally necessary, Ive seen the student end of freak out phone conversations many times) when they hear any of the following: a) I skipped lecture (more than once (for an entire semester)) b) I decided not to do that problem set c) I failed that test (and it doesnt bother me) d) I got a C in physics/chemistry/biology/math Parents will label these as inexcusable. I label these as completely excusable, and I can back up my claim. I skipped lecture (more than once (for an entire semester)) I routinely skipped lecture my freshman year. Why? Because it was more beneficial to skip lecture than to attend. Sometimes (more often than people think) lectures are actually detrimental to your learning. Sometimes its a bad professor, other times its where the lecture fits into your schedule, and sometimes its the way that lecture is taught. I skipped almost every single differential equations lecture I had. Why? Before and after lecture I had a one hour break with no classes. One hour is not a lot of time to get work done and oftentimes I found myself just wandering around, surfing the internet, or bored. What I realized is that if I skipped my lecture and went to the library for 3 hours I could read the chapter out of the book that was going to be covered in lecture, go through online lecture notes, and work on the problem set. I got more work done and learned more NOT going to lecture than I would have if I attended. I ended up getting a B in the class. Another example, I skipped the majority of my freshman chemistry classes. Why? They were early in the morning and videos of the lecture were always posted online. There, honestly, was no need for me to attend lecture in person, so I didnt. I watched the lectures online, took notes, and did fine in the class (I even aced my second test). I decided not to do that problem set Freshmen year is all about trying to figure out a system that works for you. Time management is really important at MIT and a lot of students here struggle with it. The only way to learn good time management skills is to try different things. Try skipping these lectures in lieu of this, try skipping this PSET in order to study for this test, this class is harder than this class so I need to focus more here, etc. Prioritizing and figuring these things out can be difficult and can oftentimes result in skipped PSETS, failed tests, and sleepless nights, BUT ITS NECESSARY. Without experimentation and trying different things, theres no way to find the study method or work schedule that is the most effective. Freshmen year is Pass/No Record (you either get a P or your class never shows up, there are no letter grades) for precisely this reason, to give students a chance to figure out what works for them. Parents, if your child trusts you enough to talk to you and share everything with you, youre going to hear stories of failed tests, missed PSETS, and sleepless nights. Theyve trusted you enough to tell you these things, its up to you not to jump down their throats and scold them for it, otherwise they will simply stop telling you anything. Ask why certain things happened, absolutely, but please dont scold or threaten, you just make our lives more difficult than they need to be. I failed that test and it doesnt bother me This happened to me this year. I studied days for a test, took it, felt great about it, and then scored in the bottom 5% of the class. I failed it. I also didnt mind. When looking back at the mistakes I made and the questions I missed, I realized that it was just one or two algebra mistakes here, a misinterpretation there, and then some questions that were just really hard that I didnt know how to answer. I understood the material, I didnt feel like I could have tried harder or studied more, the test just didnt go well. It happens. There was nothing to change for the next test, I was happy with my preparation, I just happened to have failed. Not letting something get to you is important at MIT. If your child tells you that they failed a test and theyre ok with it, dont flip out. Theyve come to grips with their score and are ready to move on, dont drag them back down into an unhealthy state of sorrow and regret. Theyre ready to do well on the next test and tackle their next problem set, dont encourage them to brood over a bad test, its simply not helpful or healthy. I got a C in physics/chemistry/biology/math Not all sciences are created equal. To be perfectly frank and honest, I hate math, chemistry, and biology. I used to loathe physics but Im slowly warming up to it. MIT forces you to take chemistry, biology, math, and physics, whether you like them or not. Whether you understand them or not. Whether you ever plan on using them or not. AND . . . not only do they force you to take them . . . but they force you to take MIT versions of these classes, meaning youre taking Oh My GOD! This is the hardest thing ever! versions of classes that you may have found difficult in high school. Anybody will tell you, its very difficult to force yourself to study material that you find frustrating and uninteresting, which is why its very important that MIT has Pass/No Record 1st semester. MIT wants you to learn about chemistry, biology, physics, and math, but it doesnt necessarily expect you to excel, it just wants you to understand more about the subject matter. Parents see a report card full of Cs and die a little on the inside. This is premature. Parents, calm down, youre overreacting. Your child just passed some of the hardest intro-level science classes in the country, be proud of them. Show them support. You are getting your moneys worth. The more support you give them now, the better they will do later. Im not a parent so I dont understand parenting, but I am on the receiving end of parenting so I do know whats useful on our end and whats not. The fact of the matter is, when your child gets into their major, their grades will improve greatly. Theyll be learning material that they enjoy, the material that they came to MIT to learn, and theyll want to study and go above and beyond. Be patient and watch your child grow into their school, itll be a process you only get to go through once, and its not something you want to tarnish with constant lecturing and scolding. I guess, in the end, this is what Im trying to say. MIT is hard enough without parents constantly berating us and scolding us and pressuring us to do well. We know whats going on at school, were in the thick of it. Well call you and tell you whats going on with our lives, tell you of our mistakes and our triumphs, but we really dont want to be lectured to. We want support. If you dont give us support and instead pick apart everything we tell you, well simply stop telling you things. Its not that we dont love you, its that youre making things worse and its in our best interest to do what we know needs to be done. Sometimes, by trying to make things better, youre making things worse. If we ask for advice, give it. If we ask for support, give it. If we tell you what weve been up to, enjoy our stories, but please dont make our lives more stressful.

What Are Functional Groups in Chemistry

Defiance a Film Directed by Edward Zwick - 1281 Words

Defiance is a 2008 American docudrama film starring Daniel Craig and directed by Edward Zwick. The plot takes place in Western Europe has Tuvia Bielski and his brothers lead a Jewish partisan group against Nazi forces in the struggle for their lives. The group saved more than 1200 Jews from Nazi persecution and would be one of the most successful Jewish resistance groups during WW2. The movie is well done involving multiple elements and a high dose of action and adrenaline. Defiance generally did well in theatres and was well approved by critics; and WELL displays some of the events of the Holocaust. The bitter winter brings sickness, starvation, betrayal, and constant hiding, afterwards the group learns of an oncoming heavy German†¦show more content†¦They spent no less than two years under the shelter of the forests of Poland; Tuvia, the eldest often sent scouts to infiltrate and recruit new members of the group from the nearby ghettos to the Naliboki forest. The group’s policy of accepting all would inflate the mass of the group to over 1200 Jews but only a small amount (about 150) of the group would engage in armed combat and operation has most of the population was woman, children, and seniors (70%).They lived in underground bunkers and established basic infrastructure and utility building; kitchen, mill, bathhouse, bakery, medical clinic, quarantine for those with infectious illness/disease and small livestock of cows provided milk. Members of the group had useful trade skills in making goods, repairs, and providing logistical support; this service was also extended to the nearby Soviet partisans. They were well known among partisans for their workshop of 125 workers which included; tailors, shoemakers, metalworkers, tanners, carpenters, leatherworkers, hat makers, barbers, watch makers completed daily repairs, new products, and other useful services for the group and guests. Most children attended the dugout school. Bielski partisans would often target Nazis and their combatants including disloyal local police forces and performed sabotage missions which made them a nuisance to the Nazi government (which offered 100 000 bounty for the capture of Tuvia in 1943). To solve this issue the NazisShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Movie Defiance 1050 Words   |  5 Pages Defiance is a movie written, directed and produced by Edward Zwick. This movie’s setting is in Nazi occupied territory in Belarus during World War II. The storyline follows the Bielski brothers as they attempt to evade capture and fight for their lives, and over the course of the movie, the lives of twelve hundred other Jewish survivors on their quest for life, liberty and the new promised land. The film features Daniel Craig as Tuvia Bielski, Liev Schreiber as Zus Bielski, Jamie Bell as AsaelRead More`` Defiance `` By Edward Zwick1614 Words   |  7 Pagesstory, â€Å"Defiance,† directed by Edward Zwick, is an extraordinary and insightful tale about the lives of three brothers that take refuge in the woods for survival against the Nazis. In the beginning, their main goal was to keep alive by also avenging the deaths of their parents, however as the movie progresses, their mission turns into something far more bigger. They began to find other Jews who come hoping to join them in their quest for survival, while looking to them as their leaders. The film entailsRead MoreThe Film Adaptation Of Defiance By Nechama Tec2285 Words   |  10 PagesIn the Modern Age, adaptation of stories of film has become commonplace in the film industry. These films seek to bring stories into the visual spectrum, so that we can not only learn these stories but also get the feel of what the people went through. Defiance written by Nechama Tec, tells the stories of the Bielski Brothers and their struggle for survival in the second World War. The Bielski Brothers created a community in the woods under the leadership of Tuvia Bielski, a community that welcomeRead MoreLiterature : The 21st Century6619 Words   |  27 PagesConnections – 21st Literature The 21st Century, the time period that we all live in today, smothered in continuous social, economic and political issues. An interesting era for films of this genre is the late 1930’s to early 1940’s which we see reflections in the literature today. War World 2 was a turning point in history and was a time of sheer horror in many places such as Spain, Germany, Poland and Eastern Europe. In today’s age, contemporary literature writers often draw their inspiration and

Men vs women Free Essays

Men vs.. Women Along the last centuries women have fought to be treated as equals to men. We will write a custom essay sample on Men vs women or any similar topic only for you Order Now They have tried to have the same opportunities, the same rights and to fulfill the same roles. The battle between sexes seems to have ended some decades ago. As a result, in modern times the lives of women and men are similar as regards responsibilities and privileges. But being born a woman I have always thought that the sole fact of being a man could make my life easier in different aspects. To start with, men grow old with more dignity than women. Wrinkles, grey hairs and beer bellies are signs of aging which men accept and which look well on them while women, on the other hand, will make everything possible to look younger since beauty, for most of them, is related to youth. For this, they will starve week after week to look slimmer; they will use any kind of cream that promises effective results and they will even undergo painful surgeries to change their appearance. What ‘s more, to look good women need more time than men. Choosing the perfect outfit, wearing a natural make-up, axing their whole bodies and doing their hair takes a lot of effort and preparation. Men only need to grab any clean shirt at hand, shave and wear a nice perfume and they are ready to go out. But the most important advantage of being a man, as regards physical differences, is none of the ones mentioned up to this point. Men do not need a toilet when they feel the need to pass water; any bush, tree or corner is enough for them to do so. At any moment, they may relieve themselves in the road while traveling, In the street or at any place they feel like. For women It Is not so ass. Women need toilets. The main problem Is that. At public places. Staterooms are always full and do not usually have toilet paper or clean seat covers. Besides all this, men have more freedom than women. They do not usually take care of the children or change their schedules because one of them has a high temperature. They do not worry about their meals, homework or daily activities because they have a wife that does so. They just go out with their couples or friends having their minds in peace because someone else has taken care of everything before they left the house. In addition, they do not even need company to go to a bar to have a drink or to any other social event. It is very common to see men alone enjoying to be by themselves. In contrast, although women socialize more than men because they are more talkative and open to meet new people, they generally do not go out alone to relax or have fun. They try to plan a get-together with friends whenever their nannies are available to keep an eye on their children. Another reason for women to go out In groups Is that there Is an Implicit knowledge among our society that women alone In social events are not just enjoying the moment but looking for something else, for example men. Socially speaking, men have been benefited over women. Finally, much has been said about women s and men’s intelligence. Men have simple minds and use better thinking strategies. One clear example of this is that they have made women believe they are useless in chores related to the house. But it is not true that men cannot do the cleaning or the laundry In the same way women do. Fact, do things wrongly on purpose to avoid offering help again in the future. Moreover, they can only handle one task at a time. So while they lay the table, with a stroke of luck, a woman is cooking with the four hobs turned on with a boiling pot on each of them and at the same time watching a TV show and answering her children s demands. For men being â€Å"useless† ends being a benefit. Another point to take into account as regards men’s and women’s intelligence is that the first usually speak using short sentences to get to the point and avoid details. This has been proved to be a very effective technique in many fields, as for giving instructions, explaining one’s ideas or scold the children. Women instead need the double of words to express the same and end being criticized or laugh at. To sum up, life would be much easier if I were a man. I would not have to work so hard every day to look beautiful, I would have plenty of free time to do whatever I like and I would not complicate my life trying to explain ideas that would never be understood. This may not sound well to the ears of feminists but men are still enjoying the benefits of their gender and they will keep doing so for many years to come. How to cite Men vs women, Papers

Case Study Atkinson Generation

Questions: Case Study Atkinson Generation Atkinson Generation (AG) is a leading distributor of engines and equipment. The company has main dealer status with Watson Engines, the UKs principle producer of power engines. There are 35 staff based at its location in Banbury, Oxfordshire. After several years of profitable trading, the company has, for the past two years, been faced with a significant loss. There is a sense of lack of direction and a need to change quickly and dramatically in order to survive. A recent meeting with Watson Engines has presented AG with a stark choice: it had to shape up or ship out. As the dealer status with Watson Engines accounted for 80% of its business, managers at AG realized that radical changes were needed. A shared purpose and vision, combined with training that met a nationally recognized benchmark, was required. The four AG managers attend a series of workshops organized by a local chamber of commerce, where they could share experiences and learn from other companies. They were the able to produce a strategic plan incorporating key performance indicators and a breakdown of the skills necessary for its delivery. More important would be the style of managing change and the provision of learning opportunities for all staff to meet their desires. As indicated by the Managing Director John Atkinson: I fundamentally believe that everyone at AG should be able to identify what they need to learn and get on and do it. The following were considered to be key elements: A learning and development-oriented appraisal system needs to be established for everyone in the company so that individual needs can be identified. All managers must become learning managers so that they can coach and support others. Communication needs to provide full information on company results and the budget, as well as allow feedback from staff. The company should seek support from its local business advisory service regarding a national benchmark for training and development, qualifications and financial support. Source: Bratton, J Gold, J, 2009. Human Resource Management, Theory and Practice. 4th ed. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. Tasks a) How can appraisal be utilized to identify individual learning needs, and how can the company ensure that such needs link to the strategic plan and key performance indicators? b) What are the skills required by learning managers? What training do such managers need? c) What are the requirements for effective two-way communication? d) What help can be provided for this small company regarding benchmarking, qualifications for its workforce and finance for its training? Answers: Abstract Atkinson Generation is a leading engines and equipment distributor. The organization has key dealer status with leading organizations of power engine known as Watson Engine. No matter if an organization is a global leader or a small organization, every organization requires to maintain and sustain themselves through employee motivation and training needs fulfillment. This report has been addressed on AG (Atkinson Generation) to focus on 4 key elements that have been identified by the organization. The scope of this paper lies in studying the learning needs through appraisal use, skills needed for learning manager, effective two way communication requirements and benefits for benchmarking, qualification and finances related to workforces and their training. This report provides several recommendations to the company such as using appraisal to motivate employees. This will help them understand why they need to be individually trained and the relevance of their training needs. Introduction Performance appraisal, general feedback of employees and understanding the requirement for training and development are crucial for organizations in the 21st century. Organizations such as AG, need to understand the way in which learning needs are identifies and related or linked with organizational strategy and key performance indicators. After year of profitable trading, AG has faced essential losses especially because of the missing direction sense of the company and a requirement of implementing change in a quick and dramatic manner to make the company survive competition (Hatim, 2015). As per the case study, the organization requires to focus on developing an appraisal system oriented on learning and development, making managers learners, communicating through a two way process and organization should look at supporting advisory service with regard to training and development national benchmarking, investment in qualification and support. This paper addresses these issues and tries to find the benefit behind them that AG will gain through their implementation. Discussion a. How appraisal can be used for identifying learning needs and how company ensures that such needs link to the strategic plan and essential performance indicators Performance appraisals or reviews from employees are essential tools for initiatives to develop employees. Performance appraisals help in identifying the top performers of the company in order to make sure that pay raise and promotions result in maximum productive delivery. Reviews from employees also can help in revealing areas of potential weaknesses and improvements within the workforce that can help in identifying learning needs or training needs of workforces (Parmenter, 2015). By using appraisal, AG can benefit from the following roles in recognizing its learning needs- Trends of Company and department: Results of employee appraisal, taken collectively, can be sued to spot trends in performance across the whole organization and even within specific departments. This helps organizations to finely tune their learning programs for current employees to address these concern related areas (Greenaway et al. 2015). Identifying issues in the company and across the department as well as addressing them in its initial stages can help in preventing workforce from becoming stagnated. Training new hires: The first appraisal of performance in new hires can result in shedding some light over new recruits operational effectiveness and programs of training. The performance of new employees during their initial year over job is impacted through a mix of personal features and the thoroughness of personal characteristics mixture and the first year training programs thoroughness (Smith, 2015). If employee reviews in the initial year of training reveals that the employee is struggling in a particular place, then AG can consider to place more focus on that area within training programs for newly hired individuals Individual learning needs: Additionally to reviewing problems across the organization, appraisals can shed light over the areas of required improvement within employees at individual level. Managers can select to work in a direct manner with employees in order to help them address their individual blinded regions. Feedback of employees: Appraisal systems for collaborative employees helps them and the managers to work collectively and set goals by monitoring progress towards the aim and the required improvement based areas. In a system to review, the true goal should be to motivate growth and honesty in employees and allow them to speak up about their individual areas where they feel learning is needed. Part of performance management lies in setting of goals with team members. This can be done at AG through a formalized appraisal process. The essential factor here lies in ensuring that the goals are set in a manner that aligns them to strategy of the department which in turn is aligned with organizations overall strategy. This follows a general adage within management that illustrates what can be measured can be done (Pulakos et al. 2015). If goals around a specific outcome are set then the chances of that outcome taking place is much high especially because AG would have committed itself to results management and measurement. When goal of an employees is defined with regard to organizational key performance indicators then it helps in ensuring that what employees are doing at AG, is properly aligned with organizational goals. This is the essential relationship between performance of employee and success of organizations. (How individual needs are linked to KPI through organizational strategy) (Bratton and Gold, 2009) In order to ensure that activities as mentioned are aligned with the strategy of AG, the company needs to focus on what employees are doing actually. This is done through management of performance (Jamali 2015). Through application of the principle of key performance indicators to goals and performance of employees, AG can create a direct connection between all of the essential factors of success that have been derived from the complete strategy. The consequence is that team members will actually do what they need to be doing and that the measurements to determine how properly they are doing their work is clearly connected to success of an organization. Individual goal needs to have at the least one linked performance indicator. Difference between weekly percentages in handling complaints resulting in customer satisfaction versus unsatisfied clients is possible through team member KPI. b. Skills needed by learning managers: What training do such managers need? Learning managers are those individual of a learning organization that help in facilitation of learning for their team members and continuously believe in transforming themselves as well as their organization. Such managers have employees training and development at the core of their philosophy with an overall aim to gain competitive position for the firm they are working for (Pinto and Chheda 2015). Learning and making others learn is a key responsibility and requires motivated and highly skilled people or managers to take care of it. Therefore, there are specifically essential skills that learning managers need to maintain and these are described below: Deep and consistent understanding of the business one is part of and this is one of the most essential assets that learning managers should possess. A good rule to follow here is to understand whether the learning manager can articulate what company is doing and how it is doing it. Ability of measuring and assessing needs for staff learning: Awareness on how the training requirements of employees is carried out or should be developed is essential to team development. Professional learners are expected to conduct a thorough analysis of learning needs prior to taking up an assignment of training (Ammons, 2015). This process helps in determining the learning needs of the team and the way in which this needs to be prioritized. Maintaining strong personal and inter-personal communication skills Show a passion towards consistent learning Bringing forward innovative ideas by innovative thinking. A training managers training needs or learning needs are also brought forward and managed by using the tool to analyze their training need. These managers also require consistent training in order to ensure the trainer is fruitful in delivering learning and knowledge to others. c. Requirements for effective two-way communication There are various reasons due to which 2 way communication is regarded essential. These reasons are inclusive of dynamic process, direction implementation, satisfaction of job, giving feedback, creating democratic environment, enhancing relationships as well as accuracy in terms of understanding and interpreting the message (Serafini, 2015). In two way communication message reaches the listener and the listener replies to the sender. After message is received, there is feedback for the sender. This is a dynamic approach which makes communication not only complete but also effective. AG as an organization needs to adopt a two way communication process that helps in enhancing effectiveness. Managers at distinct levels within an organization need to advise, inform and instruct over several problems. Adequate understanding of these messages and clarification in future is possible only when two way communication is present (Ali et al. 2015). This dual communication at AG will act as bridge that connects the destination and the source. Satisfaction of Job is also gained through effective two way communication. Managers can exchange data on their specific issue through a dual communication method. Issues faced by AG subordinates can be reached to the top management through feedback and reviews. This allows for better enhancement of communication process by furthering the organization into becoming effective learning organization. Within the managements bottom up approach, employers get chances to deliver feedback and take part within the process of decision making (Meijering et al. 2015). This makes activity to be completed in a proper way. In a process for two way communication, AG will be possible to gain feedback from the subordinates as well as the managers with regard to different job aspects if and as needed. AG will further be able to create a democratic environment wherein employees are free to tell of their needs and suggestions. d. Help that can be provided for this small business with regard to benchmarks, workforce qualification and training finances Benchmarking, qualification and investing in training are some recommendations that should be offered to AG considering its issues related to its workforce (Nugent and Lindburg, 2015). Benchmarking- There is no set methodology for benchmarking. The following is a 12 stage benchmarking methodology that has been developed for AG and are provided as below: Identification of learning program problematic areas. Identifying same learning programs: similar profiles of learners, content and methods of training. Identifying best practice learning programs: Using methods of evaluation to compare the programs by looking at the best results that can be achieved by a particular learning program identified by AG (Zwick, 2015). Establishing differences: Identifying the best practice processes that can be adopted by future learning programs. Developing plans and targets for performance in future: Allowing best practices inclusion into future learning development and delivery and setting performance targets depending upon outcomes of best practice. Communicating: Ensuring that each person involved in the learning development program is included and processes to deliver have set plans and targets for implementation (Basu and Ray, 2015). Implementing: Putting the plans of implementation for practices when new learning programs are delivered and developed. Reviewing and recalibrating: Reviewing the way in which successful processes have been considered and whether targets have been appropriately met. Workforce qualification Why invest in learning and development to ensure workforce qualification? There are wide variety of benefits from investments made on gaining workforce qualification. As a learning organization, AG requires to raise their aspirations for a skilled workforce demonstrated through achievements in qualifications. Business benefits from this perspective, on the other hand are inclusive of quality in service, enhanced marketability, workers retention and enhanced safety. Training presents a key opportunity for expanding the knowledge base of every employee but most employers find training and development opportunities are expensive. However training and development based investment results in providing benefits not only to an individual employee but also the entire organization. The benefits are as follows (ZakareviÄ ius and Ã…Â ½uperkienÄ—, 2015): Gaining the ability to address weaknesses: Most employees have certain weaknesses within the skills of workplace. A program to train them allows in strengthening their skills that every employee requires improving. A program for development helps in bringing all the employees to a high level so that all can have same knowledge and skills. This in turn helps in reducing a weaker link in AG that depends more on complete basic tasks (Stahl et al. 2015). Improvised performance of employees: Employees can receive the needed training and will be able to better perform. Employees become consistent: Structured program of training and development helps to ensure that employees have consistent experience and knowledge on what they are doing. Satisfied employees Conclusion Performance management within organizations is essential and this will offer further benefit to AG organization under investigation in this paper. Through performance management, organizations are able to convert their workforce into learning organizations which believe in consistent training and development. Training in turn offers diverse benefits such as satisfied and motivated employees. These satisfied employees learning needs are tackled through performance assessment and needs analysis that helps in ensuring the employees are aligned with the organizational goals and objectives (Gustavssen and Stahl, 2015). Several critical additions were gained in knowledge through an attempt made in this assignment. The skills for learner managers was a new learning that I gained. 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