The Immigrants On The East And West Coast - 941 Words

Ellis Island and Angel Island were the dominant ports of entry for the ‘new’ immigrants on the East and West coast. Both immigration stations had certain similarities in how they operated, such as the conducting of medical examinations on immigrants for health or mental deficiencies, and also in their ability to generate the fear of deportation in newly arriving immigrants. Despite this, Ellis Island and Angel Island were shown to differ significantly in many other aspects within the stations, such as in living conditions, the length of detainment and the amount of families separated during the process. However, the crucial difference between the two stations is race, as Ellis Island was shown to function as a processing centre for European immigrants; whereas Angel Island was a prison for Asian immigrants, the majority of whom were Chinese. This difference in attitudes towards different races of immigrants, impacted all aspects of the stations and ultimately the rate o f admittance into the United States during their time of operation. As a port of entrance to the ‘new’ immigrants coming to America, Ellis Island opened its doors on the East Coast from 1892 to 1954 in New York Harbour and was the place where over twelve million people from countries all over the world officially entered the United States. A vast amount of these twelve million immigrants however originated from European countries, with millions of Europeans continuing to enter the US through Ellis IslandShow MoreRelatedManifest Destiny And Westward Expansion Essay1447 Words   |  6 Pagescities and towns As Western Expansion picked up, it became clear that just as before, the goals of American expansionists conflicted with the needs of the Natives in the area of expansion Women were an essential contribution towards expanding the West. Womens roles changed and during this time and there was a major shift in women power. Where ever the railroads were being built, those areas population went up dramatically. IV. Structure of Argument. Argument Manifest destiny and westward expansionRead MoreTranscontinental Rail Road1303 Words   |  6 PagesOnce this complex building project was completed, the United States was now connected from coast to coast by railroad tracks and led to an era of westward expansion. What few people realize is that this turning point in American history could not have happened if it were not for the immigrant groups who helped to build this remarkable railroad. Irish immigrants mainly built the Union Pacific and Chinese immigrants mainly built the Central Pacific.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before the transcontinental railroad wasRead MoreThe Transcontinental Railroad And The Railroad1217 Words   |  5 PagesRailroads cleared the path in which built the remaining railroad tracks connecting the West to the Midwest and East. The Union Pacific Company built from Omaha, Nebraska towards the west meeting up with the Central Pacific Company who started building from Sacramento, California.[2] This was the chronicled improvement of the United States region with many individuals relocating from the east and settling in the west. However, there were countless innovations that were great beyond their time, the TranscontinentalRead MoreHow Did/Does the Existence of a Vast Western Frontier Shape America’s Values and Society in the Period 1790-1860?1091 Words   |  5 Pagesenabled a shift of change from social, political and economic conformity to more individual techniques and beliefs away from governmental traditions imposed more in the east coast of the nation. As different factors forced people to migrate west in the country it changed not only society and values of people in the west but also the east, transforming into a whole new affluent society. As people started to realize the nations grandness and what the property consisted of the rise in nationalism becameRead MoreWestern And Northern Hemispheres On The European Continent Essay1558 Words   |  7 PagesDiscovering Europe Europe is located in the Western and Northern Hemispheres on the European continent. Europe lies north of the African continent, south of the Arctic continent, west of the Asian continent and east of the North Atlantic Ocean. Europe is known as one of the most dense natural environments due to the nation’s strong laws and regulations on recycling, energy efficiency, and pollution. In addition to this, Europe is a trendsetter when it comes to addressing issues related to climateRead MoreThe Significance of the Frontier in American History1439 Words   |  6 PagesHow does Turner explain the recurring need for communication and transportation along the American frontier? What Turner wants to point out here is that the American West is the most important feature of American history, and of the development of its society. He refers several times to a process of â€Å"Americanization† and we will see that the definition he gives of it is a very peculiar one. He gives a definition of the frontier: â€Å"it lies at the hither edge of free land†, meaning that he considersRead MoreThe Colonization And Settlement Of The Plains Region Of Canada Essay1270 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican continent (p.23). It is agreed upon by many historians that a majority of the first contacts of Native Americans and Europeans were on the east coast, as many explorers were traveling west to try and find a quicker passage to India, and the rest of Asia. After those people saw that there was another landmass between Europe and Asia to the west, the later arrivals of the Europeans began this big colonization phase. There were many attempts to colonize Canada in the 16th century. Those attemptsRead MoreThe Progressive Era Essay1133 Words   |  5 PagesUrbanization became key in the history of America and it has its influence in the attractiveness of the nation. The progressive era was from 1870 to 1916 which entered the period of urbanization in the United States. In the 19th century, a lot of European immigrants came into the States and this aided the speedy industrialization, people moved away from rural era without hesitation. In 1910, progressive era was the political movement of group of people who were ready to turn the social and political life ofRead MoreImmigration Policy Of A Mexican American Citizen1213 Words   |  5 Pagescountry to another and have come to realize that just as me, there are many immigrants with different stories behind why they chose California as a home. This state in the West Coast has been categorized as a venue in which the â€Å"California Dream† is possible to achieve. However, there is not just one dream or one cause; there is diversity among the population and thus, there is also diversity among causes and outcomes immigrants have. The state’s history shaped our meaning of the California Dream. ThroughoutRead More China town and Little Italy Essay641 Words   |  3 Pagesthe United States. It is favored by Chinese immigrants and has an estimated population between 70,000 to 150,000 people alone. During the mid eighteenth century some Chinese trailers and sailors trickled in but during the beginning of the nineteenth century Chinese arrived in many numbers. They first came into the west coast then were driven to the east because of mobs and discriminations. By 1880, the growing joint in the Five Points slums on the south east side of New York became home to between 200

Symptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Essay

Diagnosis: 300.09 (F41.8) Other Specified Anxiety Disorder, with full criteria for generalized anxiety not met A 27-year-old electrician is describing symptoms that do not meet the full criteria for any of the disorders in the anxiety disorders diagnostic class of the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2013). Therefore, a diagnosis of other specified anxiety disorder is appropriate. However, it should be noted that the symptoms described are highly characteristic of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and meet 5 out of the 6 criteria for GAD. More information or further development is needed to determine if the client has GAD. For one, the client claims that he has many worries—e.g., worries that involve the health of his parents and his social approval level at work. The cardinal symptoms of GAD, which are highlighted in the first criterion in the DSM-5, are excessive anxiety and worry. The first criterion requires t hat the excessive anxiety or worry be about various events or activities that occur most days for at least 6 months (APA, 2013). Because his excessive worries involve diverse content and are chronic, the first criterion is met. The client also recognizes that his worries are mostly unsubstantiated, but he is still unable to stop worrying. Because his worrying is pathologically uncontrollable, the second criterion is met, in that individuals with GAD often struggle to control their worryShow MoreRelatedSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Essay1860 Words   |  8 PagesAnxiety plays a key role in the lives of many people in this world and causes many of them to feel very nervous or concerned about what is to come. There are many disorders that can come with having anxiety, but the most common disorder of them is Generalized Anxiety Disorder. By comprehending the effects and symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder, there can be a result of treatments and medication that can lead to coping with GAD. More often than not, people tend to have regular anxiety and thatRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder1742 Words   |  7 Pages TERMINOLOGY CLINICAL CLARIFICATION Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a DSM-V anxiety disorder characterized by excessive worry and apprehensiveness about a variety of present and future activities and events. 48 o Six-month duration of anxiety and worry about a number of activities and events o Difficult for the patient to control the worry o Three or more of the following associated symptoms NOTE: only one item is required for children Restlessness, feeling on edge Easily fatigued TroubleRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder892 Words   |  4 PagesPsychology Fall, 2016, Worksheet One 1. Define generalized anxiety disorder, and discuss how it differs from panic attacks, and from specific phobias. Generalized anxiety disorder is characterized by excessive anxiety and a feeling of being out of control. In addition, individuals with this disorder often experience a lack of concentration, disturbances in sleep, restlessness, and irritability. This disorder differs from panic attacks in that the anxiety is future based, instead of present based. DueRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Essay1085 Words   |  5 PagesGeneralized Anxiety Disorders Introduction to the paper Anxiety is a component found within many other mental disorders. The most common is depression. There are a number of anxiety disorders in the DSM, we will be looking at generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). Generalized anxiety disorder causes one to worry and have anxiety about an event or activity that will most likely intensify and have a high impact on that particular activity or event. An individual diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorderRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pages The basis and length of Ms. Hendricks symptoms of worry, and feeling overwhelmed is closely related to Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) is a highly prevalent disorder characterized by excessive worry or anxiety about everyday events, whether they are internal or external or originating in the past, present, and/or future (American Psychiatric Association, 2000). The symptoms of Generalized Anxiety Disorder result from increase, typical, inflexible interactions ofRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder Essay1660 Words   |  7 PagesGeneralized anxiety disorder or GAD is described as excessive, exaggerated anxiety and worry about everyday life events with no logical reasons to justify it. Symptoms from this particular type of mental disorder include over exaggerated worrying and anxiety, an unrealistic view of situations in everyday life, fatigue, irritability, difficulty concentrating, muscle tension, and more. Life becomes a constant state of worry and dread. Eventually, the anxiety overtakes the person s mindset so muchRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder824 Words   |  4 Pages Anxiety/OCD/PTSD Disorders Generalized Anxiety Disorder PTSD When it comes to generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and post traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) though they differ in each diagnosis, they also can share a unique bond with each other. Both diagnoses can co-occur among patients. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th edition (DSM-V), post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental health condition that s triggeredRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder2442 Words   |  10 Pages Introduction Generalized Anxiety Disorder is an excess and uncontrollable type of anxiety that causes worry with future events or activities. It is a very common and persistent disorder, more in women than in men. Some of the symptoms of this disorder are, restlessness, disturbance in sleeping, tight or tension feelings, increase of heart rate, sweating and many more (Mohlman, 2006). Adults over the age of 60 have the most common rate of having GAD, according to Mohlman â€Å"estimated prevalence ratesRead MoreSymptoms And Symptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder1591 Words   |  7 Pagesprovided, Mary meets diagnostic criteria for Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD), according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) (APA, 2013). Mary experiences excessive anxiety and worry, occurring more days than not for at least six months, about a number of events (work, friends, health). Mary reported that it is difficult to control the worry. The anxiety and wor ry are associated with the following symptoms, which are present for more days than not:Read MoreSymptoms Of Generalized Anxiety Disorder1218 Words   |  5 PagesGeneralized Anxiety Disorder Degie Gelaw American Sentinel University Generalized Anxiety Disorder The sympathetic nervous system stimulates the body’s â€Å"fight-or-flight† response by releasing epinephrine and nor-epinephrine when a perceived threat or situation arises resulting in feeling anxious. When a body’s physiological response which is a normal phenomenon becomes exaggerated and is associated with a particular fear or situation, a person feels extremely threatened resulting

Foreign Languages free essay sample

Learning a foreign language isnt an easy thing. Nowadays its especially important to know foreign languages. Some people learn languages because they need them for their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying foreign languages is a hobby. Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign authors in the original, which makes your outlook wider. I study English. Its a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts. Over 300 million people speak it is as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. English language is a wonderful language. Its the language of the great literature. Its the language of William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and others. Half of the worlds scientific literature is in English. Its the language of computers technology. The great German poet Goethe once said,  «He, who knows no foreign language, doesnt know his own one  ». Thats why in order to understand oneself and environment one has to learn foreign languages. I think, that to know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good specialist. Learning a foreign language isnt an easy thing. Nowadays its especially important to know foreign languages. Some people learn languages because they need them for their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying foreign languages is a hobby. Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign authors in the original, which makes your outlook wider. I study English. Its a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts. Over 300 million people speak it is as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. English language is a wonderful language. Its the language of the great literature. Its the language of William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and others. Half of the worlds scientific literature is in English. Its the language of computers technology. The great German poet Goethe once said,  «He, who knows no foreign language, doesnt know his own one  ». Thats why in order to understand oneself and environment one has to learn foreign languages. I think, that to know English today is absolutely necessary for  every educated man, for every good specialist. Learning a foreign language isnt an easy thing. Nowadays its especially important to know foreign languages. Some people learn languages because they need them for their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying foreign languages is a hobby. Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign authors in the original, which makes your outlook wider. I study English. Its a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts. Over 300 million people speak it is as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. English language is a wonderful language. Its the language of the great literature. Its the language of William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and others. Half of the worlds scientific literature is in English. Its the language of computers technology. The great German poet Goethe once said,  «He, who knows no foreign language, doesnt know his own one  ». Thats why in order to understand oneself and environment one has to learn foreign languages. I think, that to know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good specialist. Learning a foreign language isnt an easy thing. Nowadays its especially important to know foreign languages. Some people learn languages because they need them for their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying foreign languages is a hobby. Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign authors in the original, which makes your outlook wider. I study English. Its a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts. Over 300 million people speak it is as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. English language is a wonderful language. Its the language of the great literature. Its the language of William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and others. Half of the worlds scientific literature is in English. Its the language of computers technology. The great German poet Goethe once said,  «He, who knows no foreign language, doesnt know his own one  ». Thats why in order to understand oneself and environment one has to learn foreign  languages. I think, that to know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good specialist.Learning a foreign language isnt an easy thing. Nowadays its especially important to know foreign languages. Some people learn languages because they need them for their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying foreign languages is a hobby. Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign authors in the original, which makes your outlook wider. I study English. Its a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts. Over 300 million people speak it is as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. English language is a wonderful language. Its the language of the great literature. Its the language of William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and others. Half of the worlds scientific literature is in English. Its the language of computers technology. The great German poet Goethe once said,  «He, who knows no foreign language, doesnt know his own one  ». Thats why in order to understand oneself and environment one has to learn foreign languages. I think, that to know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good specialist. Learning a foreign language isnt an easy thing. Nowadays its especially important to know foreign languages. Some people learn languages because they need them for their work, others travel abroad, for the third studying foreign languages is a hobby. Everyone, who knows foreign languages can speak to people from other countries, read foreign authors in the original, which makes your outlook wider. I study English. Its a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and efforts. Over 300 million people speak it is as a mother tongue. The native speakers of English live in Great Britain, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand. English is one of the official languages of the United Nations Organization and other political organizations. English language is a wonderful language. Its the language of the great literature. Its the language of William Shakespeare, Charles Dickens and others. Half of the worlds scientific literature is in English. Its the language of computers technology. The great German poet Goethe once said,  «He, who knows no foreign language, doesnt know his own one  ». Thats why  in order to understand oneself and environment one has to learn foreign languages. I think, that to know English today is absolutely necessary for every educated man, for every good specialist.

The American Dream Essays (1746 words) - , Term Papers

The American Dream The American Dream It is the intent of this paper to prove that the American Dream can best be explained as a ciity upon a hill. Ciity upon a hill meaning being above and superior over those below. The Civil War, the imperialistic race of the 19th century, the Korean War, the KKK, and the Gulf War are all examples of the American Dream of superiority playing a part in American History. Each American has a different idea of this superiority, but nonetheless strive to achieve it, whatever it may be in. The Civil War which split the United States, was a clash of two aspects of approaching the American Dream in a young America. Both sides felt their idea's and philosophies were superior to those of the opposing side and therefore would benefit the country more and make it superior. Both North and South wanted to better the country to have it achieve the American Dream. Unfortunately, each side had a different perspective on how to approach it. Slavery was a major issue, the North against, the South pro. The disagreement on slavery lead to difficulty in the issue of Westward expansion. Both agreed to it, but whether to admit them as free or slave states was where the split occurred. The compromise of 1850 stated that California enters free, and New Mexico and Utah decided on their own which is giving them more state rights in which the South heavily supported. This compromise did not satisfy each side fully. The issue of State rights intensified by the issue of slavery because the Southern states felt they had the right to decide on their own about Slavery without Federal intervention. It seems the Southern states felt that the American dream was out of their reach because they felt powerless and inferior with the Central government. When the American revolution was fought to break from Britain, the Southern States thought they would be treated as sovereign and free. With the State's limited power, they felt as if the Federal government would become a monarchy. The Northern States wanted the American dream achieved for the whole country to be industrial, anti-slavery, and very federalist. Upon these institutions they planned to make the U.S a superior nation in the world. The South wanted to achieve the same ultimate goal for the U.S but with agricultural, pro- slavery, and states sovereignty institutions. These are the differences between both sides in achieving the American Dream. In order to resolve the conflict of interests, North and South had to go to war to prove superiority thus proving which side is the ciity upon the hill in which the losing side would follow. During the time of Imperialism in the 19th century, the U.S wanted to expand worldwide and strive for the lead in the imperialistic race. In 1871, the U.S and Canada signed the Washington treaty meaning that the U.S recognized Canada as an independent dominion. Any schemes to forcefully annex Canada and to unite the North American continent under the U.S flag had been rejected. The U.S could not expand any further in North America and had to look at other parts of the world for expansion. At the time, there were many other nations looking to expand its empire such as Britain and Germany. Some Southern expansionists saw Cuba as an interest because it could have possibly been used as a slave territory. Because Northerners were highly against slavery, the plan was dropped. After the Civil War, Secretary of State Seward had negotiated a treaty to purchase the virgin Islands from Denmark, but the senate rejected this treaty. They were not purchased until 1917. In 1859, the U.S annexed the Midway Islands in the South Pacific, and half the Samoan Islands; the other half belonging to Germany. Hawaii, another Pacific island, had always been important to the U.S. It served as an important base for trade with Japan and China. When the U.S annexed Hawaii in 1893 after a coup, to justify it, the U.S claimed it was an important strategic military foothold. They also claimed that the inferior Hawaiian natives were incapable of self government, and that it was in their best interests. After the annexation of Hawaii, and later the Philippines in 1899, it seemed clear the U.S was relentless in becoming the most powerful imperialistic nation. It is this idea of expansion thus gaining power and superiority over other nations that proves the American Dream/Ciity upon a hill being about superiority. The invasion of South Korea by North Korea was the opportunity

Of Mice and Men Theme essays

Of Mice and Men Theme essays Through the novel Of Mice and Men, written by John Steinbeck, I have acquired many valuable lessons about life. This novel has numerous themes: the beauty of a dream, friendship, and loneliness, and about people feeding on to a weaker target. However, the foremost theme of this novel is that a dream, no matter how impossible it is to obtain, can build a friendship and grant significance to life. George and Lennie dreamed of owning a little farm of ten acres, with a windmill, a little shack, a garden, and animals. Their dream keeps them going and lightens the load of their work. It also solidifies their friendship. Former singer Aaliyah, admitted on having to go through some horrible, tiring, and pointless things, however, while doing those things, she constantly reminded herself about her fans, and that made whatever she was doing, easier and worthwhile. A lawyer who is working really hard and putting all off his time into case, will tend to get extremely stressed out at times, however, when he reminds himself of the big paycheck he will get at the end of the case, his work doesnt seem so stressful to him any longer. Another piece of information that I gain knowledge of from this novel is an essential lesson about the nature of human existence. Nearly all of the characters, including George, Lennie, Candy, Crooks, and Curley's wife, admit, at one time or another, to having a intense sense of loneliness and isolation. Each character desires the comfort of an acquaintance, yet, they will settle for the compassionate ear of an outsider. Curley's wife admits to Candy, Crooks, and Lennie that she is unhappily married, Sure I got a husban. You all seen him. swell guy aint he? Spends all his time sayin what hes gonna do to guys he dont like, and he dont like nobody. Moreover, Crooks tells Lennie that life is no good without a companion to turn to in time ...

Words for Saintly Golden Light

Words for Saintly Golden Light Words for Saintly Golden Light Words for Saintly Golden Light By Maeve Maddox Everyones familiar with the word halo in the sense of a circle of light behind or above the head of a saintly person in a painting. The word halo comes from a Greek word meaning disk of the sun or moon. The first recorded use in English of halo with the sense of light around the head of a holy person or deity is 1646. However, Egyptians, Greeks, Romans and other non-Christian cultures used the symbol in art to denote divinity or prestige. Gods and rulers were often depicted with halos. In addition to the halo, artists have used other symbols to denote saintliness or divinity. Writers may find some of the terms for these symbols useful in describing not just supernatural characters, but to convey certain effects of light. The word nimbus is sometimes used as a synonym for halo, but it has the primary meaning of a bright or luminous cloud or cloud-like formation supposedly enveloping or surrounding a deity or supernatural being OED The aureole is another word sometimes used as a synonym for halo, but is frequently used to denote a light emanating from the entire body of the holy figure. The OED offers this note on the definition of aureole: Didron (Iconographie Chrà ©tienne p. 109) by a strange blunder takes aureola for a diminutive of aura ‘emanation, exhalation,’ and defines it as a mantle of light emanating from and enveloping the body, as distinct from the nimbus, which he confines to the head. This definition, which reverses the historical use both of aureola and nimbus, is not accepted in France (see Littrà ©), but has been copied by Fairholt, and various English Dictionaries. A diminutive of Latin aureus golden, the aureole was used in medieval Christian art to indicate the heavenly crown earned by martyrs and virgins. The mandorla is an almond-shaped panel or decorative space, usually framing an image of Christ. The name comes from the Italian word for almond. One of the many definitions of glory is the circle of light represented as surrounding the head, or the whole figure, of the Saviour, the Virgin, or one of the Saints. The OED gives the word gloriole as a synonym for both aureole and halo. All of these terms have other uses. For example, nimbus comes from a word for cloud and, like halo, has weather applications as well. You can see illustrations of the different types of saintly symbolism at these Wikipedia sites: aureole and mandorla Apollo with a halo This site mentions an interesting use of the glory in religious art. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Good At, Good In, and Good WithTime Words: Era, Epoch, and Eon9 Forms of the Past Tense

Everglades National Park Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Everglades National Park - Research Paper Example Background: Balanced Diversity Everglades National Park is the largest park and preserve in the state of Florida. It has a combination of sensitive wetland and estuarine environment, spanning 1,508,000 acres in area. The mangroves that mostly constitute the park are important breeding ground for numerous marine species as well as a natural habitat for alligators and many species of birds. It is also considered the largest wilderness area east of the Rocky Mountain, the biggest continuous section of saw-grass prairie and the most important breeding location for tropical wading birds in the North America. (Kras 2009, p. 9) In 1979, the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) designated it as a world heritage site. Such recognition was fundamentally given due to its rich biological diversity, which represented a balanced relationship of human life and nature. According to UNESCO, the area has extreme importance to the world because it has a unique blen d of human history and the diverse life forms that harmoniously lived together for ages, including those animals and plants that are considered endangered species. (Kras, p. 9) Ecological relationships A Senate Report summed up the Everglades Park’s interesting interrelationships among its life forms. It explained: The intermingling of plant and animal species from both the tropical and temperate zones, plus the merging of freshwater and saltwater habitats provide the vast biological diversity that makes Everglades National Park unique. (US Congress, p. 340) Experts point out that the park is not consisted of one single ecosystem but a system of ecosystems. The above statement underscores this highlighting how numerous and diverse habitats are in existence that offer homes to a number of flora and fauna that collectively form a kind of relationship that continually amazes scientists. Much of the area is covered by saw grass, trees and shrubs as well as palm trees, cypresses, among other tropical plants. They provide a natural habitat for animals like the American crocodile, alligators, deer, Florida panther, roseate spoonbill, wood stork, snakes, turtles, among other reptiles and animals that are endangered like the southern bald eagle. The animals are sufficiently represented to sustain a healthy food chain and sheet-flow ecosystem connected by the water system beginning with Kissimmee River, into the Lake Okeechobee and, finally into the Gulf of Mexico. The intrusion of man, particularly with the agriculture cultivation that takes place in the Everglades’ periphery, and the damage it inflicts is increasingly destroying the habitats and the relationships within. For instance, the fertilizers discharged from nearby agricultural areas led to the growth of cat-tails and furry grasses that began depleting oxygen from the waters, endangering the lives of several animals that thrive on them. (Europa 2001, p. 77) Human Intrusion Another factor that mak es Everglades National Park unique is the fact that it is situated in a mouth of a waterway instead of in a headwater like Glacier, Grand Teton and Yellowstone. Unfortunately, this variable became a major contributor in the damage being done to the park. Human activities have disrupted the water cycle that occurs within the area due to agricultural cultivation and the

Invisible Hand and Market Equilibrium Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Invisible Hand and Market Equilibrium - Article Example The reason why some long-run average cost curves are steeper on the downside is due to economies of scale. Larger firms try to maximize production output, so the curve would be more positive and steeper than normal. The average fixed cost curve would fall as a larger firm could produce more output. Overall, this would reduce the average fixed cost per unit. The reason why some long-run average cost curves are steeper on the downside is due to economies of scale. Larger firms try to maximize production output, so the curve would be more positive and steeper than normal. The average fixed cost curve would fall as a larger firm could produce more output. Overall, this would reduce the average fixed cost per unit. 5. Explain the relationship between average fixed cost and marginal cost. Marginal cost is the cost to produce one more item, while the average fixed cost is the total cost divided by total production. These two are linked because marginal cost decreases as the average fixed cost also decrease. This is because fixed cost remains the same no matter the production output, so producing more units reduces the average fixed cost overall. Marginal cost also decreases because while the variable cost would go up, the total fixed and variable cost would be divided by more units, thus reducing marginal cost.  Ã‚   6. Explain why a firm's shut-down decision does not incorporate the fixed costs of the production facility. A firm usually chooses to shut down when revenues do not cover the variable costs associated with production. Fixed costs are not considered because they have to be paid regardless of whether the firm is producing anything or not. Just because a firm chooses to shut down does not mean that they will go out of business; they are just temporarily suspending production. If and when the firm decides to resume production, all of the fixed costs will carry on as normal. Because the marginal cost increases, some industries have upward-sloping long-run supply curves even they do not experience diminishing marginal returns. The law of diminishing marginal returns says that for each new worker that is introduced to the workplace, their overall output will be less than the employees already working there. Because a firm can only produce so much, if there are too many workers then this decreases the average output of each worker. Due to economies of scale, some firms that are monopolies can incr ease the supply of labor and will lessen total output in the long term. As a result, the supply curve slopes upward.  

History of the Malaysian Constitution Essay Example for Free

History of the Malaysian Constitution Essay The foundation of the Constitution of Malaysia was laid on 10 September 1877. It began with the first meeting of the Council of State in Perak, where the British first started to assert their influence in the Malay states. Under the terms of the Pangkor Engagement of 1874 between the Sultan of Perak and the British, the Sultan was obliged to accept a British Resident. Hugh Low, the second British Resident, convinced the Sultan to set up advisory Council of State, the forerunner of the state legislative assembly. Similar Councils were constituted in the other Malay states as and when they came under British protection. Originally playing an advisory role, the function of the council was later extended to include both legislative and executive functions. This continued until 1948 when the Federation of Malaya was formed by two agreements, namely the State Agreement and the Federation of Malaya Agreement. The State Agreement was of great significance to Malaysias constitutional development. By virtue of this agreement, the Malay Rulers with the advice and concurrence of the traditional chiefs and elders of the states promulgated their respective State Constitutions except for Johor and Terengganu where Constitutions had already been in place since 1895 and 1911 respectively. The Rulers were also required to distinguish the legislative power in their respective states from the executive power, by constituting a legislative body, called the Council of State and State Executive Council whose advice he was required to obtained. The Federation of Malaya Agreement that served as the core for the current federal system of central government was concluded as a compromise to the much-opposed Malayan Union. The Federation consisted of the Federated Malay States (FMS), the Unfederated Malay States and the Straits Settlements of Penang and Melaka. The FMS consisted of Perak, Selangor, Pahang and Negeri Sembilan while the non-FMS were Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan, Terengganu and Johor. The federal government comprised the High Commissioner, an Executive Council and Legislative Council. The agreement also provided for a Conference of Rulers with its own elected chairman. Each of the states had its own Executive Council and Council of States to deal with all matters not specifically reserved to the Federation. The Federal Government was responsible for defence, the police, and the railways, labour, broadcasting, post and finance. This 1948 Constitution remained in force with some essential amendments, until 1957 when the Federation of Malaya gained its ndependence. A constitutional conference was held in London from 18 January to 6 February 1956 when the British promised Independence and self-government to the Federation of Malaya. It was attended by a delegation from the Federation of Malaya, consisting of four representatives of the Malay Rulers, the Chief Minister of the Federation (Tunku Abdul Rahman) and three other ministers, and also by the British High Commissioner in Malaya and his advisers. 1] The conference proposed the appointment of a commission to devise a constitution for a fully self-governing and independent Federation of Malaya. [2] This proposal was accepted by Queen Elizabeth II and the Malay Rulers. Accordingly, pursuant to such agreement, the Reid Commission, consisting of constitutional experts from fellow Commonwealth countries and headed by Lord William Reid, a distinguished Lord-of-Appeal-in-Ordinary, was appointed to make recommendations for a suitable constitution. The report of the Commission was completed on 11 February 1957. The report was then examined by a working party appointed by the British Government, the Conference of Rulers and the Government of the Federation of Malaya and the Federal Constitution was enacted on the basis of its recommendations. [4] The Constitution came into force on 27 August 1957 but formal independence was only achieved on 31 August however. The constitutional machinery devised to bring the new constitution into force consisted of: In the United Kingdom, the Federation of Malaya Independence Act 1957, together with the Orders in Council made under it. The Federation of Malaya Independence Act, 1957 passed by the British Parliament gave parliamentary approval to Her Britannic Majesty Queen Elizabeth II to terminate her sovereignty and jurisdiction in respect of the Straits Settlements of Melaka and Penang and all powers and jurisdiction in respect of the Malay States or the Federation as a whole. The Federation of Malaya Agreement 1957, made on 5 August 1957 between the British High Commissioner on behalf of Queen Elizabeth II and the Malay Rulers. The Agreement contained the new Constitution of the Federation of Malaya (and the new constitutions of Penang and Melaka). In the Federation, the Federal Constitution Ordinance 1957, passed on 27 August 1957 by the Federal Legislative Council of the Federation of Malaya formed under the Federation of Malaya Agreement 1948. The new constitutions of the Federation as well as Penang and Melaka were given the force of law by the Ordinance. In each of the Malay states, State Enactments, and in Melaka and Penang, resolutions of the State Legislatures, approving and giving force of law to the federal constitution. The Federal Constitution was significantly amended when Sabah, Sarawak, and Singapore joined the Federation to form Malaysia in 1963.

Starbucks Business Ethics Case Analysis Essay -- Business Ethics

Starbucks Business Ethics Case Analysis INTRO Ethical issues in business are a common placed every day occurrence that will never cease to exist. We will discuss an ethical issue that involves a large American corporation and its practices when dealing with suppliers of produce that is essential but not solely used by this business. We will present several point of views backed by literary findings that suggest ethical practices may or may not be at hand. BODY Mr. Donald states that one of the main goals of Starbucks is to expose the world to the coffee production/industry in Africa by showcasing African coffee name brands. However, there is evidence that points to the real goal Ââ€" that goal, simply put, is greed. The article "Starbucks Seeks The Right Blend of Global Ambition And Ethical Trade", written by Robin Pagnamenta, of the Times Online, in my opinion would be a goal oriented based theory. Last year the American chain operated 12,800 stores globally and earned 6.4 billion dollars in revenues. Further, Mr. Donald plans to open a total of 40,000 Starbucks stores, 50 percent of them outside of the United States. "We open six new stores every day", says Donald. "We opened our first in Brazil last week. Cairo opens next week", he continues. Incidentally, Donald was paid $2.7 million last year, a former chief executive of America's Path mark supermarket chain Ââ€" a far cry from the salary he earned at that level. Manifested Ground Rules Every thriving company must embrace some sort of code of ethics ground rules which will guarantee its success. In this case, Starbucks wants to promote high standards of practice; by selling the richest and aromatic coffees in the world to the ... ...m of discrimination and promote equal opportunity in all sectors of Starbucks business transactions. We will set down with leadership and emphasize the importance of honesty, integrity and the reason it flow's so diligently through this corporation. Our company doesn't subscribe to dishonest practices, such as corruption or fraudulent business dealings. We must hold our selves to the same standards that we hold our employees. Understand that diversity in all aspects of our company's daily ventures creates a worldly image and increases ability to fulfill our goal of opening 40'000 Starbucks with half being outside the US. CONCLUSION With a council in place and clear ethical guidelines established, we are sure that Starbucks will reconsider its current position on coffee trademarks and make way for new and improved trade between us and the whole world.

Situation Evasion

Situation evasion in Johnson Pharmaceuticals By:Course:College:professor:Date:There are different types of situation leadership models with each having its own set of clearly defined principals that govern it. For a management to choose which set to use it must be aware of the variables that internally exist in its organization; the work force and policies to follow. Even as this developments crop up the organizations must be careful to infringe the rights of the workers or breach any direction that was stipulated in their work contracts (Lindsay-2014). External factors like new government policies and stiff competition from competitor organize also initiates the situation leadership skills protocol among its management. The status quo of how and when activities of an organization are done usually makes a sharp shift to keep up with the dynamics of the wakeup call. Organizations risk being shut down if they become non compliant to state regulatory laws or risk being kicked out of the business by competitors if they don't keep up with the development pace. When and if a company is forced or willingly decides to initiate the situation leadership protocol, it must analyze the variables to enable it pick the most effective model. Among factors to consider is size of management board compared to size of normal employees, the relevant skills that the workforce posses and the motivation levels among its workforce. Before that the organization must prioritize the tasks it wants to do and write down specific timeframes for each, depending on the urgency the priorities must always be narrowed down to three for easy execution and assessment. This was the exact position the Johnson Pharmaceuticals was in a few years back when the food and drug agency (FDA) was all over their backs for it to comply with the new policies and standards of production. Johnson Pharmaceuticals has an array of companies that produce disease and curative drugs in addition to the other medical cosmetic products. Due to the urgency of the policies to be implemented, compliance of the new laws had to be made the top priority in all its vast industries by default. To be efficient and curb total market dominance by its competitors the company made customer satisfaction its second and last priority at that time. Every manager in the vast organization was tasked in choosing which situation model to deploy as each had company had different markets and a specific competitor to conquer. Failure to comply meant revocation of its ISO certificate and eventual closure and failure to curb competition would mean losing customers, being thrown out of business and eventual shut down. If the two courses were not prioritized at the same the tumbling down of the organization was as sure as death (Lindsay-2014). The variables in complying with the new FDA policies were not as diverse and daunting as the variables around customer satisfaction. Language of communication, delivery time, product uniqueness, consistency in delivery, perfection of services and quality product are among the universal variables around customer satisfaction topic. A complete analysis on them will draw a conclusion that most of them are external and efficiency would only be ascertained if the customer base is retained if not increase and if the management would get feedback from customer on their product and service delivery. Either way, the task had to be done. Question 1 The situational leadership style used by the CEO of company A was the DIRECTIVE style of situation handling. As explained in my introduction; a manager must take note of the job skills and motivation levels of his workforce. The work force in company A low amount of skills and low amount of motivation required for the task ahead. To counter this, the management had to deploy high motivation actions and high structuring actions (Lindsay-2014). The actions were meant to add more skills to the workforce and motivate it into doing the job. Here the CEO had to put his hands in the job to show his lot that the job can be done. The dynamics of this kind of situation model are that the management has to make all the policies and decisions; this is meant to reduce psychological pressure on the workforce. It has a single communication pathway where the workforce only report back to the management.The CEO of Company B used the DELEGATING style of situation management. This style is used when the workforce requires low amount of structuring and low amount of motivation skills. In this scenario the workforce is usually equipped with the basic skills on the job and there are high motivation levels among them. This is the simplest type of situation handling as the workforce is experienced and it knows what is required from them. The management usually makes the policies with the help of workers; assign specific instructions to them then the workers later communicate the progress up the management ladder. Question 2 The delegating style is deduced to have an advantage over the latter as there are fewer variables in it. Only praise for motivation is required to keep the spirits of the workforce (Lindsay-2014). If the two styles were used in a short timeline within the two companies then delegating would still take the day because experience reduces the timeline in which tasks are normally done. Question 3 It would be very surprising if the directing style outdid the delegating style in performance. This would mean that there was serious information breakdown on the information path and imply that there is a big managerial problem in company B. Other critics may argue that the workforce in directing style was eager learn and was responsive to the little motivation or many the management in it was more supporting than the workforce in delegating style (Lindsay-2014). Well, the statement may hold water but then likelihood of that is very low. ReferencesA book by Evans, J.R and Lindsay, W.M written in 2014,Managing for quality and performance (9th edition)Cengage learning.

Class or Mass Case Analysis Essay

Class- or Mass?: Case QuestionsNeptune Gourmet is facing the problem of an inventory pileup. The company needs a way to sell the excess inventory. At the same time many new ships were purchased and expected to operate, which increases supply. Rita Sanchez proposes a cut in prices of the product by fifty percent. This price cut poses a problem due to the fact the Neptune Seafood is a premium product and usually sells for a higher price than the competition. In order to maintain the premium product image Sanchez proposes starting a mass market brand to decrease inventory. There are many variables but some of the bigger ones include; creating the separate brand at all and whether or not the new brand would be associated or separate from the current Neptune brand. Some executives agree with Sanchez while others take the side of Jim Hargrove in disagreement of the proposal. The dilemma is whether the company should start a new brand and price it at fifty percent of the Neptune Gold brand in order to increase sales and decrease inventory. The executives have many conflicting opinions about the effects on the image of the Neptune brand if this method of inventory reduction is carried out. The goal of research for Neptune is to determine the effects on the consumer’s views if a new brand is implemented. How well would a new brand perform entering the current market? Is there already a popular brand on the market that has the low cost segment secured? Neptune should look into what their competition would be in an almost new market. This new brand would likely be seen as lower quality due to the price. With the Neptune name associated the quality image would be strengthened for the lower price product. As mentioned in the case would the grocers fail to stock the product for fear of competition with the stores own private label product?Should the brand be associated with the current Neptune Gold brand or would that hurt the current premium product image. If the name of the new less expensive brand was Neptune Silver, as suggested, but had the quality of Neptune Gold would customers be lost to the lower priced product. Would the lower priced product increase the market size into a lower income bracket? Again, what is the market currently like for low priced seafood? One of the important strengths of Neptune is the fact that all of their products have the Association of Seafood Processors and  Distributors â€Å"Gold Seal of Approval†. If this new brand didn’t have that seal would that also affect the company image?If this is a feasible investment what effects would flooding the market with a low priced product cause. Will other companies with inventory pile-ups respond and cause a price war? The other companies in the market are bound to do something in response to the low prices. If Neptune chooses to do nothing with the stockpiled inventory another company is likely to sell at a very low price to decrease inventory first. Is it a good idea to be a first mover and capture the low priced market early?Also, would targeting South and Central America be a favorable option? In a country where the lower price by U.S. standards wouldn’t seem quite as low, Neptune could keep its premium status while still decreasing inventory. In addition, expanding into other countries could prove to be a profitable venture. At the same time hopefully the expansion could increase demand and decrease the surplus of inventor y. Overall would the venture be profitable? More precisely is the infrastructure in South and Central America suited for distribution or would this cost reduce the feasibility of the investment. A market analysis would be a good starting approach to researching this plan of action. The first step is to define your target market. You need to know exactly what the consumers are like, and how large the market is for the lower price product. Here you could find out who is going to buy the product and how much demand there will be. Projections could be made on the affect to the market and what policies are in place that could decrease profitability. In solving the marketability issue this method along with a SWOT analysis would be very useful. With the problem Neptune is facing in regards to product image, I would use an exploratory approach to learning about the consumer. I would host focus groups to try and determine how the inexpensive brand is associated to the Neptune Gold brand. This would help determine if the brand should be associated closely with Neptune Gold or held distant from the core product. Should Neptune expand into Southern and Central America? Exploratory in-depth interviews would be a quality option for determining if the market would  accept the product or not. You could look for some secondary information on how other similarly priced seafood products performed in that region. The individual would be the best for a focus group in determining the product image dilemma. It could be determined if different financial groups would react differently to the new brand. For example; would the less expensive brand be substituted by the middle class individuals to save money?With a market analysis most of the information would be secondary. The research would involve finding the right data to give the best idea of how well a new product would do in the market. It’s possible that other institutions could be approached in search of information. This would give quality information on where and what would work best for Neptune. With the foreign market problem the research should be done on the retailers and suppliers for the most effective information. These people could tell you pricing and sales information of products currently sold in South and Central America. Also, culture in other countries has to be considered. Most of what you would need to know to enter a new market, the suppliers and retailers could convey through interviews.

Paraguay Essay Essay Example

Paraguay Essay Essay Example Paraguay Essay Essay Paraguay Essay Essay Mushfika Chowdhury Ms. Vives Spanish Paraguay Paraguay is a country in South America. It is surrounded by Brazil, Argentina, and Bolivia. Most people know Paraguay as Paraguay, but the country s official name is Republic of Paraguay. In 2011 it has said that Paraguay has approximately a population of 6,568,290. Most people are living in the oriental region. The country’s official language is Spanish as well as Guarani. The oriental eastern region has hills, waterfalls, exotic plants and the forest. This region makes up 40 percent of Paraguay. This part of Paraguay receives a large amount of rainfall. The region known as occidental also known as Chaco, is made up of grass, course tropical reeds and stunned trees. Some of Paraguay’s natural resources include forest soil, minerals, and the rivers. The rivers are important because tis how most people in Paraguay communicate, it also provides fish. The main industry is farming livestock, cotton, cane, corn, soybeans, potatoes, bananas, oranges, wheat, beans, tea and tobacco. That was the farming and food recourses of Paraguay. When it comes to the government and money there’s not that many similarities. Some of you may or may not know that the former president of Paraguay was Fernando Lugo (2008-2012). It wasn’t that many days ago that a new president for Paraguay was elected, his name is Mr. Franco. The currency used in Paraguay is Guarani. One dollar in the United States is 4,095. 58 Guarani. One Paraguay Guarani equals to 0. 0002442 cents in the U. S. You also might be wondering what type of government Paraguay has. Well its constitutional republic. I would also recommend you taking a camera if you ever go there, the sites and scenery is breathtaking.

When Do AP Scores Come Out 2019

When Do AP Scores Come Out 2019 SAT / ACT Prep Online Guides and Tips If you've taken an AP exam recently or plan to take one soon, you’re probably wondering: when do AP scores come out?Unfortunately, you have to wait a bit longer for AP scores than you do for SAT/ACT scores. Keep reading to find out exactly when AP exam scores come out. In addition, learn where to find your AP scores and get tips on what you can do as you wait for them. AP Score Release Dates for 2019 AP scores are released each year in early July.While you’ll get all your scores at once, note that scores are rolled out over a few days. They are also released by rough geographic region. For example, in 2016 all the states on the east coast got their scores first, whereas those in the northwest got theirs last. Like in 2016,2017, and 2018, in 2019 AP scores will come out on July 5, and all of them will be released by July 9 (except for late-testing exam scores, which were released in August). The specific dates and times for AP scores in each state are listed below: 2019 AP Score Release Date States/Regions Friday, July 5* Florida, Louisiana, Mississippi, Texas Saturday, July 6* Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Kentucky, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia Sunday, July 7* Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia Monday, July 8* California, Michigan, Ohio, Oregon Tuesday, July 9* Alaska, Arizona, Colorado, Hawaii, Idaho, Indiana, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Mexico, North Dakota, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wisconsin, Wyoming Canada, US Territories, International *All release times are 8 am Eastern Time (ET). If you're taking a late or alternate exam date, your score will be ready between mid-July and late August. Learn more about the 2019 score release schedule at the College Board website. How Do I Get My AP Scores? AP scores are posted online on theAP student website. You'll be able to access them through your College Board account, so make sure you have your username and password on hand. You’ll also need your AP number orthe student ID number you used on your AP answer sheet. AP scores are only available online- you won't get a letter or score report in the mail. (Back when I was in high school, though, and as recently as 2013, scores were only mailed and usually arrived in mid-July. You should be excited about the online score system since it’s much faster!) Worried about your SAT/ACT score? Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now: Why Does It Take So Long to Grade AP Tests? While the fact that AP scores come out online saves some time, why does it take the College Board two months to grade AP exams when you can get your SAT scores after just a few weeks? The reason for this is that it takes a long time to grade free-response questions.Although the multiple-choice sections are graded by a computer, free responses aren’t graded until the annual AP Reading conference in June. The 2019 conference dates go fromJune 2 to June 18. This event is basically a huge conference where thousands of high school teachers and professors gather to grade all the free-response sections on AP tests. The AP Reading usually lasts about two weeks. Since it doesn’t start until June (to accommodate teachers’ and professors’ schedules), this makes the AP scoring process take longer. This is an actual picture from the 2013 Reading conference for AP Studio Art. Each portfolio is looked at by more than seven graders! Read more here if you're curious about what happens during grading. Once the conference is done, the College Board must work quickly to combine the free-response scores with the multiple-choice scores; this process involvesweighing and then scaling them to the final 1-5 scoring scale. Readers have just two weeks to do all of this before final AP scores are posted online in July. Even though the entire scoring process takes two months, it’s actually quite a feat for more than four million AP exams to be graded by real people every single year! Still Waiting for AP Scores? What to Do in the Meantime Since there's no way to see your AP scores before they're posted online, you’ll have to be patient and find a way to occupy yourself in the meantime. AP exams end in early May, but because most school years last until late May or June, try tofinish the school year strong. Your GPA is very important in college admissions, so use your time (now that the AP tests are over!) to maximize your grades, especially in your AP classes. Additionally, since you'll likely be taking finals around this time, make sure to study hard for these so that you can walk away from the class with a grade you're proud of. Finals often count for a big percentage of your overall class grade, so don't put off studying for them! If you're a freshman or sophomore, you might want touse this time to jumpstart your ACT or SAT prep. It might seem early, but the earlier in your career you begin studying for these tests, the more familiar you'll become with them (and the better you're likely to do). If you're a junior, you’ve hopefully already taken the SAT/ACT at least once. However, if you haven’t, definitely use the time after your AP test to study for one.If you've already taken the SAT/ACT but plan to retake the test, try to dive into your studies once you're done with AP tests. If you’re a senior, you'll likely have already gotten your college decisions by the time AP tests are done, so finish the year strong and enjoy graduation! What to Do After You Get Your AP Scores If you've passed your AP exams,start exploring the College Board's college database to see where you can get credit for your scores. You can also read about the College Board's score reporting serviceand begin thinking more about the college application process (if you're a junior). It won't be too long until you'll be filling this out for the first time. Start researching your options now! On the other hand, if you didn't pass an AP test, you might want toconsider retaking the exam next year, especially if it’s a course you want to get college credit for. Talk to your guidance counselor and/or AP teacher to discuss your options. Finally, check back online in August to see if you qualified for any of the AP Student awards. These are basically awards you get if you earn a certain number of passing scores on the AP tests. If you win an award, it will be included on any score reports you send to colleges. Nice! What’s Next? Above, we mentioned using your time after APs are over to jumpstart your SAT/ACT studying. Here are some of our best resources you can use: Develop an SAT/ACT studying timeline to maximize your score Learn key strategies to improve your scores onSAT Math, Reading, Writing, and theEssay Hear aboutthe most common ACT mistakeand get tips onhow to write a perfect essay Find practice tests for both the SAT and the ACT, for free online Use your dream schools tocome up with a target SAT or target ACT score Aiming for a perfect SAT/ACT score? Read our famous guides to scoring a perfect 1600 on the SAT anda perfect 36 on the ACT. Both were written by a full scorer! Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points?We've written a guide for each test about the top 5 strategies you must be using to have a shot at improving your score. Download it for free now:

Warren .P. Fraleigh's Relationships Between Purpose and Other Essay

Warren .P. Fraleigh's Relationships Between Purpose and Other Purpose-related Terms - Essay Example The first term related to purpose, is motive and the difficulty of equating the two terms. Motivation is explained on the backdrop of an individual making the decision to participate in a sporting activity against other forms of recreation. This suggestion indicates the examination of sports and purpose as a smaller category found in a larger concept, which is that of recreation (Fraleigh, 1975). The purpose of engaging in sporting activities is not always explicit, as it cannot be delinked from self-actualization. Self-actualization might not form the actual purpose of engaging in sporting activities, but it is attained subconsciously. Purpose gives sporting activities some sense of direction going against the proposed concept of natural law regarding sports that delineates sporting activities from purpose. The example cited in the article on Olympic games introduces the second term related to purpose and that is intention. The intention of conducting Olympic games supersedes actual sporting activities and differs from one individual to the next and amongst participating nations. Sports in this case can be viewed as a medium of actualization of individual and group goals, for example, engagement in sporting activities with the aim of gaining recognition and fame (Fraleigh, 1975). Other individuals engage in sporting activities at the Olympics with the purpose of ensuring their countries are brought to the spotlight. This interrogation of sporting activities reveals that sport in itself does not have a purpose, but social groups or individuals assign the purpose to the sport and as such, the sporting activity cannot achieve additional purpose than that assigned to it by participants. This is true owing to the nature of sporting activities across the globe in which people engage for varied reasons. A sporting activity might have similar characteristics but achieves different purposes

Should HPV Vaccination Be Mandatory Research Paper

Should HPV Vaccination Be Mandatory - Research Paper Example Researchers indicate that cervical cancer is more prevalent in women at a younger age. However, mandatory vaccination for cervical cancer can cause a series of consequences. This paper will discuss why young girls should not be given mandatory vaccination for preventing cervical cancer. The HPV vaccination was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration recently in 2006 and therefore its long term effects are still unknown to the world. Ashton reveals that the effects of HPV vaccination can lead to fatal motor accidents and suicides. According to the US Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System, a number of adverse side effects including pancreatitis, Guillain-Barre syndrome, and spinal cord inflammation have been reported since the approval of the vaccine. â€Å"Although these adverse reactions may be rare, they are not worth the risk since the vaccine only protects against two of the 15 strains of HPV that may cause cancer of the cervix† (â€Å"Should any vaccines be required for children?.†). There are also some doubts about the effectiveness of this vaccine because it was tested only on 1,100 girls; and this number is insufficient to get a clear picture of the vaccine’s ‘functionability’. Researchers have identified that aroun d 15 types of genital HPV out of 30 are likely to lead to cervical cancer. However, the Gardasil provides coverage against only two of the 15 and therefore it cannot be considered as an effective vaccine to HPV. Hence, this vaccine provides coverage against only some limited viral strains. Evidently, the US government has not done adequate researches to explore the long term impacts of such a mandate. Since its long term implications still remain to be unknown, the mandatory vaccination is more likely to lead to additional health issues. In other words, the US government risks the public backlash through the mandatory HPV vaccination. Obviously, the HPV vaccination must not be mandated before its long term side effects are clearly identified. Ethically, parents have the ultimate right to make health decisions for their children and therefore the government should not intervene in those decisions. According to a survey conducted by the University of Michigan, 31% of parents do not su pport mandatory school entry vaccinations (â€Å"Should any vaccines be required for children?.†). They hold the view that they must have the authority to refuse such vaccinations. Many of the US parents hold the view that the process of vaccination is religiously wrong. The First Amendment to the United States Constitution guarantees citizens to freely exercise their religious belief. Hence, the forcible vaccination would violate the first Amendment. Similarly, this mandatory vaccination policy gives exception to boys and hence it can be considered as the direct violation of constitutional principles of equity. Forcible enforcement of mandatory HPV vaccination would result in public backlash and this situation may adversely affect childhood vaccine programs for other diseases. Many people strongly argue in favor of the proposal by pointing to other mandatory vaccinations against measles and smallpox. They ask why it is necessary to give exception to mandatory HPV vaccination while practicing mandatory vaccination against several other diseases. Here, it must be noted that the HPV is not airborne and sexual contact is the major cause of cervical cancer. The government has a potential motive to protect its people from a deadly airborne virus because

The Connection Between Urbanisation And Pollution Essay

The Connection Between Urbanisation And Pollution - Essay Example In fact, humans have become too dependent on technology as life uncovers day by day. Due to high capacity of human to think and because of their growing needs as population also increases, major places on earth have become so congested and it further resulted to unnecessary processes with major impacts for the society in general. In this paper, the proponent tries to examine the link between urbanisation and pollution. In doing so, the proponent tries to define first the basic concepts of urbanisation and pollution. What is urbanisation? The presented classic definition of urbanisation is a process by which people and their increasing population densely occupy urban areas or towns (Ohngren, 1981). Urbnisation therefore is a process that tries to consider the need of the society for development based on the human standard and needs. Witherick (1999) emphasises that urbanisation is a process but it constitutes some important changes particularly in line with the economy, population dis tribution, change of the way of life, settlement’s sizes and character change. This only emphasises the fact that there are major changes and shift from an ordinary way of living to another level. This is what concerns the population in general because behind all these changes are impacts that require substantial considerations. What is pollution? The vast changes on earth which some of them resulted to pollution are eventually products of human activities (Hill, 2010). Hill focused on environmental pollutions as eventual results of human activities on earth. Pollution comes in wide range and faces. However, when one hears about pollution what comes to mind first are results of human activities since nature by itself is capable of maintaining the needed balance. However, all those activities done by humans are responsible for the destruction of such balance in nature and which eventually result at some point to environmental pollution. This is what Hill would like to emphasiz e that humans are capable of destroying the balance of nature in order to obtain the needs and wants of the society as in line with the contexts of political, economical, social, technological, legal and environmental considerations. Pollution is everywhere around the globe and it can be in different forms. It can be classified as air, water or land pollution. These pollutions are of varying degrees and most of them are results of industrial revolution from the past and at recent sophistication of our time. The use of technology finds ways for its further development and such also results to creation of things that pave way to environmental pollution. The global warming is said to be an impact of industrial revolution since such is said to be due to the polluted atmosphere with green house gases emitted by technologically advanced society. Pollution such as emission of green house gases is said to be on its fast pace especially in highly industrialised or developed countries. The Un ited States for instance is said to be among of the major countries with high contribution of emitted green house gases such as carbon dioxide due to the nature of its industry. This therefore has an important implication that cities are among of the top contributors of pollution on earth. Thus, this leads to further understanding of the existing relationship between the incident of pollution and urbanisation. These two are processes but at some point, the former is said to be the result of the latter. Pollution as an impact of urbanisation Political, social and economic aspects of a nation are interrelated to its physical environment because of the presence of potential human actions in every day (Middleton, 2008). One of the most important connections

The Women In Love Essay

The Women In Love Essay Women in Love is a novel about two young ladies, the Brangwen sisters, Urusula and Gudrun and how they fall in love and lead two completely different relationships with the men they meet, Rupert Birkin and Gerald Crich, with who they gradually fall in love. Birkin, a school inspector, visits Ursula who teaches at the school however Hermione, the woman previously involved with Birkin, intrudes on their conversation and invites Ursula and Gudrun to stay with her in Breadalby. Ursula and Gudrun travel to Breadalby to stay with Hermione where Gerald officially meets the two. He saw them again, while they were at home waiting for the train to pass. This sets an awful impression of Gerald to the sisters as he was torturing a horse, training her to withstand the fear. The Brangwen sisters then see Gerald again, whilst sketching along side Wiley Water. He was with Hermione who caused commotion between Gudrun and Gerald after dropping her sketchbook in the water. In the meantime, Ursula had wandered off towards the hill where she met Birkin sawing and hammering away. This was the first sign of a relationship between the two and he eventually sent a note to invite the sisters to tea. Feeling desire for Birkin to speak only to her, she didnt tell Gudrun about the invite where they discuss the concepts of love and their feelings. The couple met again at Mr. Crichs annual water-party on the lake. Gerald organises a small boat for Gudrun and Ursula who row to a little stream. After hours on end, the men arrive in worry. The four begin to row back to the estate but Geralds sister, Diana, drowns causing grief for the Crichs. Gudrun then becomes the teacher of Geralds youngest sister, Winifred. There relationship was a tight bond and soon she moves into a studio which was built for the two girls. After many thought and consideration, Birkin visits the Brangwens to ask for Ursulas hand in marriage however Birkin left without an answer. Enraged, he walks to Shortlands where he finds Gerald. Ursula then meets with Hermione who belittles Birkin and encourages Ursula not to marry him. Birkin then buys Ursula three rings which leads her to agreeing to marriage. Mr. Crich sadly then passes away and after the funeral, in devastation Gerald spends the night with Gudrun. Gerald then thinks about marrying Gudrun and he suggests for the four to travel to the Tyrol although Birkin and Ursula left early to Verona. Gerald is infuriated by Gudruns verbal abuse and her refusal of his manhood as well as Loerke who Gudrun begins a friendship with. On the slopes, Gerald strangles Gudrun yet let go when Loerke called for him. Gerald continued up the slope but he slipped and fell and immediately went to sleep. His body was returned to England to be buried, together with Ursula and Birkin. Gudrun went to Dresden to visit Loerke. The impact of Geralds death on Birkin was inevitable, he loved him just as much as he loved Urusla however Ursula could not understand this. Narrative Style This novel is written in third person singular with an omniscient style. It pleased Ursula, what he said, pleased her very much. She herself knew too well the actuality of humanity, its hideous actually. The pronouns he and she are frequently used and characters are continuously addressed by their names. Character Analysis Ursula: is an independent, strong-willed lady who doesnt enjoy being told what to do. She likes to make her own decisions, no matter what the situation. This is shown through the conversation held between, herself, her father and Birkin when he proposes to her; You both want me to force me into something That is an illusion of your own. She also needs certainty to make those decisions which is shown through her constant questioning of if Birkin loves her. She is reliable for Birkin as she devotes her everything to him however she seems to misunderstand the importance of a relationship between the men and seems she is jealous that Birkin doesnt only need her. Gudrun: is a very kind and compassionate woman as she takes the time and effort to sit with Winifred and paint. Her loving character is shown when she feels uneasy about telling Winifred that her dad will die when asked what she thinks. She isnt a trustworthy person as she leaves Gerald for Loerke in the Alps and feels what Gerald and she had, was over although Gerald didnt feel this way. Birkin: has an aspect of a true gentleman. This is shown through his love and devotion to Ursula because he states that he doesnt want to serve him; I who am at the beck and call of the woman, than she at mine. His love for Ursula and Gerald also shows that he can maintain love with romance and love with friendship; eternal union with a man too: another kind of love. Gerald: is a determined man as he has hope that his sister was still alive when he tries to save her and he never gives up. These experiences made Gerald the strong, determined man he was, as he had suffered of loss of those close to him. However he is not independent as when his father passes away he finds himself at the graveyard then walks to Gudruns house seeking comfort and affection. Gerald is also a proud character as he is proud of his estate that his father owns and doesnt let the past affect his present. Language Diction Women in Love is a very descriptive novel that uses both short and long sentences. The language is highly developed and long sentences are used to describe feelings and objects, for example; And Gerald, watching, saw the amazing attractive goodliness of his eyes, a young, spontaneous goodness that attracted the other man infinitely, yet filled him with bitter chagrin, because he mistrusted it so much. Short sentences are used more often during dialogue such as; I see, and I must remember another time. In this novel the author also uses similes for instance; The mare rebounded like a drop of water from hot iron and Yet he seemed as calm as a ray of cold sunshine. There are also French and German phrases during dialogue for example; Ist er auch ein Wunder? and Quest ce quun chancelier?. Imagery The imagery is evident throughout the novel because all stimuli are aroused. Tactile imagery is evident when Ursula and Birkin have admitted their love for one another; She cleaved to him, and he could feel his blood changing like quicksilver. One can imagine how faster his blood was pumping now that Ursula lay closer towards him. Taste and sense of smell are linked with the description of the meal provided; venison pasty, a large broad-faced cut ham, eggs and cresses. Visual imagery is foreseen throughout the novel when the statuette is explain; it was a woman, with hair dressed high, like a melon-shaped dome à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ with such protuberant buttocks, so weighty and unexpected below her slim long loins. Auditory imagery is evident when Geralds voice startles Gudrun for example; The timbre of his voice, like something vibrating at a high pitch, unnerved Gudrun. Themes Marriage is a theme shown through Ursula and Gudrun when it is first mentioned at the beginning of the novel. This theme is revealed throughout the novel as their relationships continue to build which gradually leads to a proposal by Birkin to Ursula. A theme of religion is also apparent throughout the novel by Mr. Crich as he is related to God often and speaks of being a Christian. Another theme present is individual versus society as Ursula, Gudrun, Birkin and Gerald are often deeply concerned with the questions of society and the relationships between men and women. This theme is shown through Birkin and Ursulas conversation how one must devote themselves to one another as Birkin believes love can reach further and past heaven. Setting This novel is set in England, this is evident because of the places mentioned such as London, Oxford, Beldover and Piccadilly Circus. It is also represented throughout the relation to the currency for example; Three-hapence, pennies and Hundreds of pounds. The setting is also shown through certain objects such as The Daily Telegraph, a popular newspaper in England as well as lawn rather than garden. Genre The genre is romance as love is such a deep and dominant theme throughout the novel. The genre starts with the when Gudrun and Ursula Brangwen discuss their feelings towards marriage. It is encouraged throughout the novel by Gudrun and Gerald falling in love and Ursula and Birkin getting married. It is also shown through Birkin and Geralds friendship as Birkin finds their friendship the perfect relationship with a man. Aspects I liked I enjoyed the fact that Mr. Crich had such a strong will to stay alive, he made time and effort for the ones he loved dearly such as his daughter Winifred. He also said to Winifred that he was better whenever he asked, meanwhile they both knew the truth. However I didnt emjoy the fact that Hermione belittled Birkin whilst talking to Ursula, she encourages Ursula not to marry Birkin because of her jealousy over their relationship. Hermoine wanted with Birkin what Urusla has and she belittles Birkin to alter Ursulas feelings but Ursula ignores Hermoines comments and continues to feel the love she has for Birkin. Recommendations I would recommend this novel to one who enjoys an emotional relationship which encounters tension commonly because of love and the meaning it implies. I would also recommend this novel to one who shares a relationship with God as one of the characters shares a strong relationship with God; He wanted to be a pure Christian, one and equal with all men. He even wanted to give away all he had, to the poor. Throughout the novel, God is often referred to which is why I would recommend this novel to a Christian. I would recommend this novel to a person who enjoys strong willed characters who are strained with their sensitivity.

An Interpretation of Emily Dickinsons Poem I Felt a Funeral in My Brain :: Dickinson I Felt a Funeral, in My Brain Essays

An Interpretation of Emily Dickinson's Poem I Felt a Funeral in My Brain Emily Dickinson was a reclusive individual that was rarely seen by anyone outside of her immediate family and few close friends. This solitude emerges in her poetry in the form of doom and gloom depictions. Dickinson seems to have a fascination with death as if death is a friendly character rather than a horrible image. It has been stated that Dickinson's obsession with death was a sign to others around her and her readers that she was struggling internally. In the poem "I Felt a Funeral in My Brain" Dickinson seems to be describing a delusion of a person that is contemplating what will happen to him/her when he/she dies. This poem also seems to be an affirmation of heaven and hell and a personal battle within the narrator to come to terms with his/her own mortal existence. In the first stanza Dickinson describes "feeling a funeral in her brain". This could be a metaphor for her own personal death and the reference to "sense breaking through" tells the reader that only through death can a person ever understand and/or value life. This could be viewed as a retrospection on the narrators life and a telling poem about where she was at in her existance around this period of time. If this interpretation is justified then in stanza two the funeral proceeds with the narrator hating to be there as she/he says: "And when they all were seated, A Service, like a Drum- Kept beating-beating-till I thought My Mind was going numb-" This stanza shows that the narrator is still bored with the living world even in death. The third stanza continues the theme of a struggle between heaven and hell in the last line when the narrator states, "Then space-began to toll". This reference to a bell tolling, or time running out seems to suggest the impending judgment for the narrator. Heaven is discussed in the forth stanza and compared to a bell: "As all the Heavens were a Bell And Being, but an Ear, And I, and Silence, some strange race

The Catcher in the Rye and The Outsider novels hold

The Catcher In the Rye are both among the most important novels of the twentieth century. The modern world's general moral change and the individual's alienation from the society serve as the main, basic topic for both novels which is still relevant to any twenty first century reader. Since many people find themselves in the same position of feeling like an outsider from society In their own worlds, I intend to outline how It still finds relevance today.Both characters, Meursault and Holden Caulfield share the same sense that they are lienated from the worlds in which they live in which is important to a twenty first century reader as many people have problems assimilating themselves into society. Like Holden, teens today also resist conforming to society's norms as is also highlighted in The Stranger with the protagonist Meursault. Salinger chooses to narrate his novel so that the novel that depicts his protagonist, Holden's, transition from adolescence to adulthood.In contrast, Cam us writes his novel In order to record the events leading up to, and the last days before, the execution of his main character, Meursault. Through the employment of settings, characterisation and endings, both authors imply that society's pressure on the individual to fit in plays a major part in both of these climaxes, this has huge importance to any twenty first century reader as the topic Is still challenged in todays society. Both characters Meursault and Holden Caulfield suggest that society pressures individuals to fit in and conform to.Holden is a teenager struggling with the fact that everyone has to grow up, which to him means that you have to become â€Å"phony' or corrupt. Holden distances himself from the adult world and so to stay a child he gets imself expelled from schools. While on the other hand Meursault does things for no real reason. He is completely aloof, unattached and almost an unemotional person. He does not think much about events or their consequences, no r does he express much feeling In relationships or during emotional times.Both of these characters express their detachment from society which is relevant for many people in the twenty first centurys society as many people find difficulty finding their place within civilization. Holden's conversational tone and choice of words Illustrates his rebellion from adult ociety as a stereotypical teenager. His frustration with adults Is characterized by his persistent use of words like â€Å"goddamn,† â€Å"puked,† â€Å"hell,† â€Å"crap,† and â€Å"moron. † When Holden describes Jane's stepfather, he talks about how he would â€Å"run around the goddamn house naked†.He continues using this word when he tells the reader how Sally was conversing with a college friend, â€Å"they continued their goddamn boring conversation†. This relates to a twenty first century teenager in particular as they also have their own language to separate themselve s from their parents such as In the ries desperately to have almost a direct conversation with the reader, aware of his audience; he attempts to impress the audience by exaggeration or repetition through a narrative tone. There is a sense that Holden wants the audience to like him as he utilizes the audience as a counsellor as outpours his ideas.This is relevant to many teenagers in the twenty first century as they try to find their place in civilization or a school society and may go to extreme lengths to find themselves and create a reputation for people to remember them by. In The Outsider, it is almost the opposite ith Meursault. Through short clinical sentences and abrupt punctuation it highlights a detached character. Instead he lists a logical thought process and lays out what he thinks, almost unaware of a reader highlighted in the opening lines, â€Å"I'll catch the two o'clock bus and get there in the afternoon.Then I can keep the vigil and I'll come back tomorrow night. I asked my boss for two days off†¦ † This almost list style of writing enables the reader from building a connection or impression to the character as there doesn't seem to be much depth to his emotions or opinions. Meursault is unlike Holden in the sense that he does not crave attention and want people to like him his actions throughout the book explain how he is a stranger to society as he cant fathom why everyone around him is so interested in his being.The story examines the uncertainty of Justice: the public official compiling the details of the murder case tells him repentance and turning to Christianity will save him, but Meursault refuses to pretend he has found religion; emotional honesty overrides self-preservation, and he accepts the idea of punishment as a consequence of his ctions as part of the status quo. The actual death of the Arab as a human being with a family is seems almost irrelevant, as Camus tells us little more about the victim beyond the fact tha t he is dead.Indeed, Meursault is never even asked to confront, reflect or comment upon the victim as anything other than as a consequence of his actions and the cause of his current predicament. The humanity of the victim and inhumanity of murdering another human being is seemingly beside the point. The book holds huge relevance to the twentieth century reader as an interesting motif in The Stranger is that of watching or observation. Camus is writing a book about our endless search for meaning: that we are all looking for a purpose in our lives.The characters of The Stranger all watch each other and the world around them. Meursault watches the world go by from his balcony. He later passively watches his own trial; the world around him is a fascination to Meursault. He keenly observes the sun, the heat, the physical geography of his surroundings. The eyes of the Jury and witnesses at his trial, finally the idea of the watching crowd, representing the eyes of ociety, as he is an out sider of the world he surrounds himself in.To conclude, both The Stranger and The Catcher in the Rye are both relevant to different people within the twenty first century society for many different reasons, but both novels were written with the same topic of how one fits into society. Due to both characters in the novels being from different age groups within society it allows them to become important to people within those same age groups today as many face the same dilemma of finding themselves an outsider within their society.

The Origins of Sociology

FK8R 34 Sociology A: Introduction to Sociology Alisha Walsh In the mid 1800’s, French author Auguste Comte came up with the term â€Å"sociology†. Although previous philosophers, historians and political thinkers had studied and tried to make sense of their societies, this was when it began to develop as a distinctive science. Comte grew up in a time of great social and political upheaval. As the world rapidly changed, he and others began to study the societies they lived in.He sought to create a science of society that could explain the laws of the social world just as science explained the functioning of the physical world. (Giddens 2006:11) Throughout the eighteenth and nineteenth century political revolutions occurring throughout Europe, the Enlightenment and the Industrial Revolution all lead to previously unseen changes in many societies. The French Revolution of 1789 meant that monarchs of Europe came under severe scrutiny. Subjects began to question their  "divine right† to rule.Ideas of individuals’ rights and their say in how society was run emerged. Political parties and social reform quickly followed. Great scientific discoveries formed a perspective of looking to science and reason to answer questions about the natural and social world. People were turning away from the church, religion and superstition for these answers. The Industrial Revolution 1780-1800 had a profound effect on Britain and laterally Europe. Almost all aspects of life were changed as people became part of the factory system.People moved from rural areas and agricultural jobs to towns where social life was more impersonal and anonymous. They began to work by a clock instead of the rhythms of the season. Traditional values and roles were dropped as new ones evolved. To study Sociology, one must have what C. Wright Mills called a â€Å"sociological imagination†. Sociological thinking and imagination requires us to remove ourselves from our eve ryday lives and experience, and look at them differently. Only then can we realise that individual experience can actually reflect larger issues.He emphasised the difference between â€Å"personal troubles of millue† and â€Å"public issues of social structure†(Mills 2000 :5) This means that the sociological imagination allows us to see that public issues such as war, marriage, the economy, urbanisation etc, can affect the individual as well as personal circumstance and experiences. â€Å"The sociological imagination enables us to grasp history and biography and the relations between the two. That is its task and its promise. †(Mills 2000:2) He stated that sociologists must ask three crucial questions: What is the structure of this particular society?Where does this society stand in human history? What varieties of men and women prevail in this society and in the coming period? (Mills 200:3) He believed that as individuals these questions would help us make sens e of our own place and experience in the society we live in and identify its structures and characteristics. He also stated that â€Å"they are the questions inevitably raised by any mind possessing the sociological imagination. For that imagination is the capacity to shift form one perspective to another†.The sociological imagination allows us to be analytical and critical of the world and to look at the bigger picture. There are many sociological theories which attempt to explain how society works. They provide a framework for explaining social behaviour. They find the relation between individuals, groups and society. These theories can be put into two broad categories, macro theories and micro theories. Macro theories such as Functionalism and Marxism look to explaining behaviour through the notion of social structures and look at society holistically.Macro theories tend to use quantitive research when a social theory or model is being explored. Data has to be measurable a nd proccessed mathematically (surveys) to provide unbiased results that can be measured, compared and related to large parts of society (Amit B. Marvasti 2004:7). Micro theories such as social action and symbolic interaction look at individual behaviour and how small scale interactions shape society. Micro theories use qualitive research methods, concentrating on smaller groups but providing more detailed analysis and descriptions of human experience.The experiment can be based around a theory and results are recorded as detailed, narrative descriptions as opposed to numerical codes found in quantitive research (Amit B. Mavasti 2004:10) Functionalism analyses how social structures explain behaviour. Interdependent parts of society have to function together to create a whole system. Biological or mechanical analogies are often used. Functionalism emphasises integration, harmony, stability and continuity. It is a positive perspective that views even tragedies or inequality as serving a function in society. McClelland2001:1) It looks at society as a whole and is good at explaining the persistence of social phenomena (anomie). Marxism also focuses on social structures but is a conflict theory. Society is made up of infrastructure and superstructure. This structure is based on the inequality of distribution of production and causes conflict. It recognises different power interests in groups and is good at explaining conflict and change ( SparkNotes Editors 2006). Social Action theory emphasises the intentional behaviour of individuals as the cause of social structure.Individuals shape society as a result of intentional individual or group interaction. It concentrates on the meaning of social behaviour and its interpretation by others and is good at explaining small scale interactions. According to Anthony Giddens , good sociology must examine both social structures and social interactions. It is how a fuller understanding of social life is achieved (Giddens2005:25) . Socialization, Social order and Social Stratification are three key concepts in sociology that try to explain the relationship between the individual and society.Social order is the way in which societies’ basic requirements are met to exist, how peace and order is maintained. It is obtained formally through laws and through the use of social norms, roles and values. It involves a set of linked structures, institutions and practices that can maintain and enforce conformity and social order (Dr Almog 1998). Functionalist theory views individuals as contributing to social order by happily playing out their occupied roles within social institutions. These roles are guided by the norms and values we learn through socialization and are necessary for society to function (Dr Almog 1998).Marxist theory claims that social order is forced on the individual, norms and values are used by institutions that want to maintain capitalism. They are a way to control the working class (Giddens 2006: 301-302). Social Action theory sees social order as a product of social interactions, symbolic meanings and how they are interpreted by others. The individual is a social actor who will interpret and process social stimuli and makes choices accordingly. Socialization is a lifelong learning process and plays a crucial part in forming our identities. It is the process by which individuals learn the culture of their society† (Haralambos & Holborn 2008:3). The important stage of socialization occurs during infancy. The child learns many basic behaviour patterns of its society by responding to the approval or disapproval of their parents and also by copying their example. In western societies, the educational system, religion, the mass media, the occupational group and peer groups are also important in the socialisation process ( Haralambos & Holbor2008:3).Functionalist theory believes that socialisation reinforces the social structure and maintains society. That it is functional and beneficial to social order. It transfers culture, norms and values to new generations and integrates individuals into society. It is the social glue that holds society together and helps create a sense of harmony and cooperation (Kent McClelland 2001). Marxism sees socialization as one of the most effective tools of the Bourgeoisie.It legitimises existing social inequalities and prepares the individual for a class related role they will fill indefinitely (SparkNotes Editors 2006). Social Action theory believes socialization is relevant in relation to symbols and their interpretation, the development of social identity and the small scale interactions that shape it. Socialisation helps maintain social order (Cardiff University 2010). Social Stratification is the ranking and ordering of individuals within a society. It is a structured hierarchy which leads to divisions and higher status, wealth and privilege for some groups.Social class is the stratification system f ound in modern industrial societies like the UK, but it can also occur due to other attributes such as gender, age, religious education or military rank (Giddens 2006:295) Members of a particular strata will share a similar lifestyle and common identity which will to some extent distinguish them from members of other social strata (H & H 2008:19) A functionalist perspective of social stratification is that it is based on meritocracy and is therefore an inevitable part of all societies.Talcott Parsons believed that social stratifications are a basic expression of shared values which are an essential part of a functioning society. Social stratification is functional because it integrates various groups in society (H& H2008:21) Marxism regards stratification as a divisive structure rather than an integrated one. It is seen as a mechanism for the ruling class to exploit the subject class, rather than a means of furthering collective goals (H & H 2008:27). Various institution s such as legal and political systems are used to dominate the subject class resulting in conflict (H & H 2008:28).Social action theory focuses on how a persons’ social standing affects their everyday interactions. According to Max Webber, social stratification not only involves class but also status and party (social status and political power) (Giddens 2006:302-303). Social action theory studies the processes behind stereotypes, mixed interactions and labelling. Its notes how stratification is a way to put people in groups and questions how much power individuals in these groups have to realise their goals (Cardiff University 2010) ReferencesHaralambos & Holborn (2008) Sociology Themes and Perspectives , 7th Edition, London, Harper Collins Anthony Giddens (2006) Sociology, 5th Edition, Cambridge, Polity Press Amit B. Mavasti (2004) Qualititive Research in Sociology, London, Sage Publications Ltd C. Wright Mills (2000) The Sociological Imagination, 40th Edition, New York , Oxford University Press Inc World Wide Web Page Kent McClelland, Grinnel College 2001 Functionalism (Online) Available: web. grinnel. edu/courses/soc/s00/soc111-01/IntroTheories/Functionalism. tml SparkNotes Editors 2006 Sparknote on Sociology Major Figures (Online) Available: http://www. sparknotes. com/sociology/major-figures/ (Acceseed 31 October 2012) Dr Oz Almog, Electronic Journal of Sociology 1998 The Problem of Social Type: A Review (Online) Available:www. sociology. org/content/vol003. 004/almog. html (Accessed 31 October 2012) Angus Bancroft and Sionead Rogers, Cardiff University 2010 Max Weber-Natural Science, Social Science and Value Relevance (Online) http://www. cf. ac. uk/socsi/undergraduate/introsoc/weber6. html